BPK 205 Introduction to Human Physiology Midterm 2
questions and answers new update - Nadine Wicks Simon
Fraser University
, lOMoARcPSD|6353920
LECTURE 11: Hypoglossal (XII) – control of tongue muscles (S)
12.Name the cerebral cortex areas that (a) direct 23. Explain the role of Wernicke’s and Broca’s areas
perception, (b) direct movement, and (c) in language.
integrate information and direct voluntary Wernicke’s area is in the temporal lobe, and this is
behaviours. where the understanding of language occurs, while
a) Sensory areas receive sensory input Broca’s area is in the frontal lobe and is responsible for
and translate it into perception. the expression and vocalization of language.
b) Motor areas direct skeletal muscle movement. 24. Compare and contrast the following concepts:
c) Association areas integrate information (c) nuclei and ganglia
from sensory and motor areas and direct Nuclei are clusters of cell bodies of within the CNS,
voluntary behaviours. while ganglia are clusters of cell bodies outside the
13. What does cerebral lateralization refer to? What CNS. (gray matter)
functions tend to be centred in each hemisphere? (d) tracts, nerves, horns, nerve fibers, and roots
Cerebral lateralization is the distribution of the Tracts are bundles of myelinated axons that
functional areas of the two cerebral hemispheres is connect different regions of the CNS. Nerves are
not symmetrical. Spatial skills on right side and bundles of
language and verbal functions on left side. axons outside the CNS. Horns are extensions of spinal
14. Name the 12 cranial nerves in numerical order cord gray matter that connect to peripheral nerves.
and their major functions. Nerve fibers are bundles of axons. Roots are branches
Olfactory (I) – smell info from nose of peripheral nerves that enter or exit the spinal cord.
(S) Optic (II) – visual info from eyes 25.
(S) Cerebral Area Lobe Functions
Primary Parietal Receives sensory info from
Oculomotor (III) – eye movement, pupil
somatosensory peripheral receptors
constriction, lens shape (M) cortex
Visual cortex Occipital Processes info form the eyes
Trochlear (IV) – eye movement (M)
Auditory cortex Temporal Process info from ears
Trigeminal (V) – sensory info from face, eyes Olfactory cortex Temporal Receives input from
chemoreceptors in the nose
mouth; muscles for chewing (B) Motor cortices Frontal Control skeletal muscle
Abducens (VI) – eye movement (M) movements
Association NA Integrate sensory info to perception
Facial (VII) – taste perception and control of areas
facial muscles (B)
Vestibulocochlear (VIII) – hearing and balance (S) LECTURE 12:
Glossopharyngeal (IX) – sensory from oral cavity and 1. Name the two efferent divisions of the
blood vessels, motor for swallowing (B) peripheral nervous system. What type of effectors
Vagus (X) – sensory and motor to internal does each control?
organs, glands, and muscles (B) Somatic motor which controls skeletal muscles, and
Spinal accessory (XI) – control of neck and shoulder autonomic motor which controls smooth and
muscles (S) cardiac muscle, glands, and some adipose tissue.
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