Principles of human volunteer research - ANSWERS1. Informed Consent
2. Beneficence (max benefit/low risk)
3. Justice
Belmont Report (1979) - ANSWERSethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research
Animal model - ANSWERS-Disease symptoms and distribution mim...
Galleria mellonella - cons - ANSWERS- not able to generate mutants
-melanization
Galleria mellonella - pros - ANSWERS- Able to survive at 37c
- can use purified bacterial toxins
Drosophila melanogaster - pros - ANSWERS- most versatile infection model
- small size
- short generation time
-fully sequenced genome
- innate immune similar to mammals
Drosophila melanogaster - cons - ANSWERShigh inoculums of bacteria needed
biophotonic imaging - ANSWERSBacterial strains to be studied are engineered to
express luciferase (lux operon from Vibrio sp.)
Tissue culture models - ANSWERS- less complex
- less $
- NO IRB or IUCAC
artificial ecm - ANSWERS
Gentamicin Protection Assay - ANSWERSused to calculate adhesion and invasion
frequencies
plaque assay - ANSWERSmeasures cell-cell spread of intracellular bacteria or viruses
operon - ANSWERSgroup of genes operating together
Regulon - ANSWERSgenes or operons controlled by a common regulatory protein
Complementation - ANSWERSrestoration of a mutant back to the wildtype either
through a second mutation or the addition of a functional gene
RNAi - ANSWERSRNA interference; injecting double stranded RNA into a cell turns off
expression of a gene with the same sequence as the RNA
Dicer - ANSWERSenzyme that cleaves and processes double stranded RNA to
produce siRNAs or miRNAs that are 21-25 nucleotids in length
RNase III - ANSWERScuts out 16S and 23S
Neutropenia - ANSWERSdeficiency of neutrophils
nude mice - ANSWERSlack of thymus
lacZ - ANSWERSencodes B-galactosidase
- blue
phoA - ANSWERSReporter gene, used for removing phosphate groups from substrate,
often used in Gram negative
- Chromogenic
luxCDABE - ANSWERSMakes luciferase (lux); used for biophotonic imaging; generate
light, no need to add substrate
bla - ANSWERSbeta-lactamase, an enzyme that breaks down ampicillin and makes
plasmid-bearing cells antibiotic resistant
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