Benefits of functionalist view - ANSWERS- differentiate between nuances of a single emotion --> fear of
dying vs fear of failure
Wobbly Bridge Experiment - ANSWERSShowed interaction of misattributing physiological effects from
different emotions
Cross Cultural Studies - ANSWERS1. Early theory: not innate, just mimics
2. Later studies form Papua New Guinea showed otherwise
3. Since many arguments for universality and innateness
Olympic Blind Study - ANSWERScompelling evidence for emotions being innate
Positive emotions in infants - ANSWERS1. smiling
2. happiness
smiling - ANSWERS- 1 mo
- limited in ability, possibly reflexive and prenatal
- Social smiles appear in 6 wks
Happiness - ANSWERS- 2 mo smile for controlled event
- 7 mo smile more at familiar people
Negative emotions - ANSWERS- Newborns present but can be difficult to differentiate
- 2 mo expresses anger and sadness distinct from pain/distress
, Self-conscious emotions - ANSWERS- require sense of self and understanding of others' reactions to us
- guilt, shame, pride
Mirror or Rouge task - ANSWERStests children sense of self using a mirror and red makeup
guilt - ANSWERSassociated with empathy for others, regret and remorse
shame - ANSWERSfocus on self, feels like hiding
Doll experiment - ANSWERStests children on their way of reasoning for guilt and shame when a doll was
broken through their care
Coy smile - ANSWERS- (gaze away, head aversion or both)
-elicited by social attention
-form of showing embarassment
sympathy - ANSWERSacknowledging feelings and expressing compassion
empathy - ANSWERSunderstanding and feeling another's feelings
emotional contagion - ANSWERStendency to catch and feel emotions that are similar to and associated
with those of others (yawning)
Jealousy in infants - ANSWERSstudy showed that infants become distressed when affection is expressed
towards others
Still face experiment - ANSWERSinfants show distress when change in responsiveness by primary
caregiver changes to distant and cold
Recognition of others' emotions - ANSWERS- preference for emotional speech
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