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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NURS 130 Final Exam Study Guide Solutions
nursing process - Ans:✔✔-ADPIE = Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
subjective data - Ans:✔✔-symptoms - what the client says about himself or herself
objective data - Ans:✔✔-signs - what the health professional observes during the exam
cultural competency - Ans:✔✔-caregivers understand and attend to the total context of the individuals
situation
- immigration status
- stress and social factor
- cultural similarities and differences
exam technique on older adults - Ans:✔✔-- do everything slower
- don't overwhelm with questions
- assist them as needed
- don't talk in elder voice
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
interviewing interventions for diverse cultures - Ans:✔✔-- use interpreters if necessary
- don't make assumptions
- make sure you understand their beliefs and restrictions regarding healthcare
purpose of health history - Ans:✔✔-- collect subjective data
- provides picture of person's past and present health
- describes person as a whole and how the person interacts with their environment
- records health strengths and coping skills
- recognize and affirm what patient is doing right and point out improvements needed
collecting data on allergies - Ans:✔✔-note the allergen and the reaction
mental status - Ans:✔✔-level of consciousness - alert and oriented to person, time, and place
A&O X3, lethargic, stuporous, comatose
older adult expected findings (related to mental status) - Ans:✔✔-*delirium* - acute confusional change
or loss of consciousness and perceptual disturbance, may accompany acute illness (pneumonia, alcohol
or drug intoxication), usually resolved when underlying cause is treated
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*dementia* - gradual progressive process causing decreased cognitive function even though person is
fully conscious and awake, not reversible, 2/3 is alzheimer's, not part of normal aging, non-caucasions,
older adults, women, singles living alone, lower education and income are more at risk
*depression* - sad gloomy and dejected, symptoms may occur with rainy weather, after a holiday, or
with illness; if situation is temporary, symptoms fade quickly
abstract reasoning - Ans:✔✔-math problems, picking what word doesn't fit, anything that involves
deeper thinking
assessing techniques and sequence - Ans:✔✔-inspect, percuss, palpate, auscultate
normal changes with the older adult (general overview) - Ans:✔✔-*physical appearance* - sharper body
contour, angular features, redistributed body proportions
*posture* - general flexion
*gait* - wider base to compensate for diminished balance, arms out, steps shorter or uneven
*weight* - body weight decreases, subcutaneous fat lost from face and periphery, more fat accumulates
at hips and abdomen
*height* - vertebral discs thinning, vertebrae shortening, kyphosis posture, flexion in knees and hips
vital signs and normal ranges - Ans:✔✔-*temperature* - normal is 98.6 F or 37 C (oral, rectal, tympanic,
temporal, axillary)
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