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NURS 505 EXAM 4 (7, 10, 14) (15, 16) (18
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NURS 505 EXAM 4 (7, 10, 14) (15, 16) (18
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NURS 505 EXAM 4 (7, 10, 14) (15, 16) (18)A client is experiencing an inflammatory response following an injury. What assessment
finding would confirm the role of thromboxanes in the inflammatory process?
a) Bleeding has stopped at the injury site
b) The skin surrounding the injury site has become reddened
c) The client's pain is steadily decreasing
d) The client's heart rate and blood pressure have risen - Answers-a) bleeding has
stopped at the injury site
Platelet aggregation and blood clotting are the result of the action of thromboxanes.
They have no effect on pain or vital signs. They cause vasoconstriction, which would be
more associated with pallor than redness.
Once a person has been exposed to a particular antigen and a repeat exposure occurs,
what stimulates a quicker immune response?
a) Immunity
b) Macrophages
c) Memory T cells
d) Antibodies - Answers-c) Memory T cells
The memory T and B lymphocytes that are generated remain in the body for a longer
time and can respond more rapidly on repeat exposures to an antigen related to their
acquired memory.
A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone organ transplant surgery. The client
asks the nurse what antibodies are. What is the best response by the nurse?
a) Body's ability to recognize and destroy specific pathogens
b) Body's ability to prevent infectious diseases
c) Any foreign substance or molecule entering the body that stimulates an immune
response
d) A protein substance that the body produces in response to an antigen - Answers-d) a
protein substance that the body produces in response to an antigen
An antibody is a protein substance that the body produces in response to an antigen.
Immunity is the body's ability to recognize and destroy specific pathogens and to
prevent infectious diseases. An antigen is any foreign substance or molecule entering
the body that stimulates an immune response.
A client became ill with an influenza virus several days ago. Today, the client describes
being free of symptoms. What component of the immune system will be predominant
today?
, a) Suppressor T cells b)Complement proteins c)Interleukins
d) Cytokines - Answers-a) Suppressor T cells
Suppressor T cells play an important role in limiting the immune response and
preventing it from become too aggressive or too prolonged. Complement proteins,
interleukins, and cytokines would be more significant during the active response to the
pathogens.
Which client would be most likely to benefit from the administration of interferon
therapy?
a) A client with leukemia
b) A client with tuberculosis
c) A premature neonate
d) A client with asthma and seasonal allergies - Answers-a) a client with leukemia
Interferons prevent viral replication and suppress some malignant cell reproduction.
Consequently, they are used in the treatment of some cancers but not in bacterial
infections, asthma or hypersensitivities. A premature neonate is vulnerable to infection
but interferons do not broadly confer protection against infections.
A client is prescribed acetylsalicylic acid for fever and headache. What is the action of
acetylsalicylic acid?
a) inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the central and peripheral nervous system
b) providing selective action by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS
c) inhibiting the release of norepinephrine to increase blood pressure d)suppressing the
function of the hypothalamus to decrease inflammation - Answers-a) inhibiting
prostaglandin synthesis in the central and peripheral nervous system
Acetylsalicylic acid inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the central nervous system and
the peripheral nervous system. Acetylsalicylic acid does not provide selective action by
inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS. Acetylsalicylic acid does not inhibit the
release of norepinephrine to increase blood pressure. Acetylsalicylic acid does not
suppress the function of the hypothalamus to decrease inflammation.
The nurse is assessing a new client admitted to a nursing home. The client asks the
nurse to explain interleukins. The nurse would include which information?
a) "Interleukins directly affect acid-base balance."
b) "Interleukins help the immune system with inflammation."
c) "Interleukins directly affect infection."
d) "Interleukins directly affect anemia." - Answers-b) interleukins help the immune
system with inflammation
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