TExES Pedagogy and Professional
Responsibilities (PPR) Questions and Answers
Acculturation Correct Ans-successful application of new knowledge and use of new norms
from another culture while retaining one's own native culture and language
basic interpersonal communication skills (BCIS) Correct Ans-as a language learner, being able
to use conversational, everyday language (can take up to two years)
biases Correct Ans-unfair preferences or prejudices toward particular groups of people
Cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP) Correct Ans-as a language learner, being
able to use a language for abstract, academic purposes (5-7 years)
culturally relevant teaching (CRT) Correct Ans-a theory that underscores teaching practices
grounded in the understanding of culture and experiences that shape students
English as a second language (ESL) Correct Ans-a program or category pertaining to students
whose native language is not English but who are learning English for academic purposes
English language learner (ELL) Correct Ans-the current term used to describe a child who is
learning English as a second language
funds of knowledge Correct Ans-knowledge, skills, and experiences that families and
communities practice that, when recognized by teachers, can enhance learning; usually refers to
minority families whose knowledge and skills do not match typical school knowledge and skills
least restrictive environment (LRE) Correct Ans-children who are differently abled are
required by law to be placed in regular classrooms to the greatest extent possible
,limited English proficient (LEP) Correct Ans-an older term used to describe children learning
English as a second language (ESL or ELLs); it was criticized for emphasizing the negative rather
than the positive
Monocultural Correct Ans-of only one culture
multicultural Correct Ans-of more than one culture
multiracial Correct Ans-people whose ancestors are from three or more different racial
groups.
connections to the community Correct Ans-the part of the lesson plan in which a teacher
makes a connection between new learning and where a child might find that particular learning
in his or her world
Interdisciplinary Correct Ans-integration that makes connections with various subject/conten
areas somewhere within each lesson or within integrated thematic units
intradisciplinary Correct Ans-integration that makes connections within a discipline
raw score Correct Ans-a report of exactly how many items were answered correctly on a test
scale score Correct Ans-compares a score with a minimum standard based upon the
difficulty of the test
scope Correct Ans-how much into a topic that instruction will delve
, auditory modality Correct Ans-learns best through hearing (aurally, through lectures, tapes,
etc.)
behaviorism Correct Ans-a view of learning that emphasizes the role that the environment
plays in changing observable behavior; one learns because of reinforcement or punishment
chunking Correct Ans-grouping bits of information into units that are more meaningful in
order to allow more items to be included in memory
classical conditioning Correct Ans-learning as a result of pairing a stimulus with an automatic
emotional or physiological response
cognitive learning theory Correct Ans-theory of learning that emphasizes the change in one's
mental structures as a result of a need to make sense of one's world.
conditional knowledge Correct Ans-knowing when and why to use declarative and
procedural knowledge
constructivism Correct Ans-a view of learning that emphasizes the role of the learner in
building his or her own understanding of the world
contiguity Correct Ans-the simple pairing of two behaviors enough times so that they
continue to b appeared, even when only one is presented
convergent thinking Correct Ans-problem solving where there is one answer and only one
way to get the answer
declarative knowledge Correct Ans-a type of knowledge that is factually based
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