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AACN PCCN Review: Renal Exam Questions and Answers

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AACN PCCN Review: Renal Exam Questions and Answers Functions of the kidneys - Ans:-a. Excretion of Metabolic Wastes b. Urine Formation c. Acid-Base Balance Regulation d. Electrolyte Regulation e. Fluid Regulation f. Blood Pressure Regulation g. Erythropoietin Secretion/Anemia Regulation Ho...

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  • October 23, 2024
  • 33
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • AACN
  • AACN
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GraceAmelia
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




AACN PCCN Review: Renal Exam Questions and
Answers


Functions of the kidneys - Ans:✔✔-a. Excretion of Metabolic Wastes


b. Urine Formation


c. Acid-Base Balance Regulation


d. Electrolyte Regulation


e. Fluid Regulation


f. Blood Pressure Regulation


g. Erythropoietin Secretion/Anemia Regulation


How are the kidneys related to anemia - Ans:✔✔-Erythropoietin Secretion/Anemia Regulation




Low 02 --> kidneys stimulate hormone production of Erythropoietin




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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Erythropoietin go to bone marrow --> stimulate Stem Cells to turn into red blood cells --> increase 02

carrying capacity




This is why COPD patients have higher H&H




WHY renal failure patients are anemic




Epoetin, Procrit,--> synthetic forms of the hormone to help stimulate bone marrow to become stem cells

and produce Red blood cells


Blood work to assess renal function - Ans:✔✔-Blood Urea Nitrogen


Creatinine


Serum Electrolytes


Hgb & Hct


Serum Albumin


Serum Osmolality



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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Renal function tests - Ans:✔✔-b. Urine Assessment


Volume & Concentration


Urinalysis


Renal Clearance Studies


c. Diagnostic Tests


KUB X-ray


Renal Arteriography


IVP


CT


Ultrasound


Biopsy


Acute versus Chronic Renal Failure - Ans:✔✔-a. Acute renal failure affects many body systems.


b. Chronic renal failure affects EVERY body system




Page 3/33

, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




New names: Acute Kidney Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease (replacing failure for disease)


Chronic Kidney Disease - Ans:✔✔-Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is a permanent, irreversible condition in

which the kidneys cease


to remove metabolic wastes and excessive water from the blood. (ESRF, ESRD, CRD, CKD)


Azotemia - Ans:✔✔-Nitrogenous Waste Products in the Bloodstream


Uremic Syndrome - Ans:✔✔-Systemic and Laboratory Manifestations of ESRD


Stages of Renal Failure - Ans:✔✔-1. Diminished Renal Reserve


2. Renal Insufficiency


3. End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) - Affects every system in the body


Renal Failure Medcations - Ans:✔✔-hypertensive drugs


phosphate binder --> RF has high phosphate levels


Calcium supplement --> when phosphate goes up, calcium goes down


Bicarbonate




all drugs just treat symptoms

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