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Final Exam - Pharmacology ECPI Questions And Answers Muscarinic Responses by location a) Eye: Contraction of ciliary muscle focuses lens for near vision. Contraction of iris sphincter causes miosis (constriction) b) Heart: Decreased rate c) Lung: Constriction of bronchi Promotions of secret...

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  • October 23, 2024
  • 47
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • final exam pharmacology ecpi
  • ecpi questions and answers

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Final Exam - Pharmacology ECPI Questions
And Answers

Muscarinic Responses by location a) Eye: Contraction of ciliary muscle focuses lens for

near vision. Contraction of iris sphincter causes miosis (constriction)




b) Heart: Decreased rate




c) Lung: Constriction of bronchi

Promotions of secretions




d) Bladder: Detrusor contraction increases bladder pressure

Relaxation of trigone and sphincter allows urine to leave the bladder. Both effects causes voiding

of bladder




e) GI tract: Salivation, Increased gastric secretion, Increased intestinal tone and motility,

Defecation




f) Sweat glands: Generalized sweating

, Final Exam - Pharmacology ECPI Questions
And Answers
g) Sex organs: Erection




h) Blood vessels: vasodilation




Alpha 1 Locations Eye, Arterioles (Skin, viscera, mucus membranes), Veins, Sex organs,

Prostatic capsule, Bladder




Alpha 1 Response by location - Eye: Mydriasis (dilation)


- Arterioles (Skin, viscera, mucus membranes): Constriction

- Veins: Constriction

- Sex organs, male: Ejaculation

- Prostatic capsule: Contraction

- Bladder: Contraction of trigone and sphincter




Alpha 2 Location & Response Peripheral nervous system


-Inhibition of transmitter release




Beta 1 Locations (2) & Response - Heart: Increased rate and velocity

, Final Exam - Pharmacology ECPI Questions
And Answers
- Kidney: Release of renin (elevates BP)




Beta 2 Responses by location - Arterioles (heart, lung, skeletal muscle): Dilation


- Bronchi: Dilation

- Uterus: Relaxation

- Liver: Glycogenolysis

- Skeletal muscle: Enhanced contraction




Dopamine Response in kidneys - Kidney: Dilation of kidney vasculature




Bethanechol Treats... Urinary Retention




Bethanechol investigational uses Gastroesophageal reflux , treat disorders associated with

GI paralysis




Bathanechol Contraindications Do not use with patients with latent or active asthma and

urinary tract obstruction or bladder weakness

, Final Exam - Pharmacology ECPI Questions
And Answers
special instructions for taking or administering Bethanechol Administer 1 hr before or 2

hrs after eating. Can cause nausea and vomiting if taken with food




Pilocarpine treats... •lowers intraocular pressure in the eyes used to treat glaucoma


•Taken orally to treat dry mouth from Sjorgens syndrome

•Can treat salivary gland damage associated with head and neck cancer




Cholinergic Crisis Cholinesterase inhibitor Poisoning. Leads to SLUDGE & killer B's.

Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Diaphoresis, Diarrhea, GI cramping, Emesis.

Killer B's: Bradycardia, Bronchospasm, Bronchorrhea




Bronchospasm spasm of bronchial smooth muscle producing narrowing of the bronchi




Bronchorrhea the production of more than 100 mL per day of watery sputum




How to treat Cholinergic Crisis manage with mechanical ventilation & atropine

(muscarinic receptor antagonist), suctioning may be needed

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