Foundations Final Exam Review Questions
with 100% Verified Correct Answers
A patient is admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath. As the nurse assesses this patient, the
nurse is using the process of
A. Evaluation.
B. Data collection.
C. Problem identification.
D. Testing a hypothesis. - Correct Answer B. Data collection.
The nursing process organizes your approach to delivering nursing care. To provide care to your
patients, you will need to incorporate nursing process and
A. Decision making.
B. Problem solving.
C. Interview process.
D. Intellectual standards. - Correct Answer C. Interview process.
Ms. Carla Thompkins is being admitted to the medical-surgical unit as a postop patient. Ms.
Thompkins, a 52-year-old schoolteacher, is recovering from a below-the-knee amputation (BKA)
secondary to complications of type 2 diabetes.
Ms. Thompkins is admitted to the unit not only so her recovery from the BKA may be monitored, but
also because Ms. Thompkins is going to receive preliminary occupational and physical therapy to
help her adapt to the amputation.
3. Which of the following statements or questions made by Yolanda to Ms. Thompkins addresses the
nature of Ms. Thompkins' pain?
(Select all that apply.)
A. "Describe your pain to me."
B. "Is the pain worse in the morning or in the evening?"
C. "Place your hand over the area that is uncomfortable."
D. "Rate your pain on a scale of 0 to 10." - Correct Answer A. "Describe your pain to me."
C. "Place your hand over the area that is uncomfortable."
,Ms. Carla Thompkins is being admitted to the medical-surgical unit as a postop patient. Ms.
Thompkins, a 52-year-old schoolteacher, is recovering from a below-the-knee amputation (BKA)
secondary to complications of type 2 diabetes.
Ms. Thompkins is admitted to the unit not only so her recovery from the BKA may be monitored, but
also because Ms. Thompkins is going to receive preliminary occupational and physical therapy to
help her adapt to the amputation.
True or False: Yolanda knows that the best source of information regarding Ms. Thompkins - Correct
Answer
Rank in correct order the phases of the nursing process:
Evaluation
Planning
Assessment
Diagnosis
Implementation - Correct Answer the nursing process is: Assessment, diagnosis, planning,
implementation, and evaluation.
John is a first semester nursing student who is particularly interested in the cardiac system and
specifically heart disease since his father died of a heart attack at age 48. John decided to go into
nursing because of his father's death, which prompted him to select a career that improves people's
lives.
John is studying nursing diagnoses in his nursing fundamentals course and is learning the steps of the
nursing diagnostic process. He knows this information will help him care for cardiac patients in the
future.
Because of John's interest in cardiac nursing, he is familiar with the clinical criteria for heart disease.
Which of the following is an example of a clinical criterion? (Select all that apply.)
Hypertension
Fatigue
Food preference
High cholesterol - Correct Answer Hypertension, fatigue, and high cholesterol
Rationale: Clinical criteria consist of objective or subjective signs and symptoms or risk factors that
lead to a diagnostic conclusion. Hypertension, fatigue, and high cholesterol are all clinical criteria for
heart disease, whereas food preference is not.
,John is a first semester nursing student who is particularly interested in the cardiac system and
specifically heart disease since his father died of a heart attack at age 48. John decided to go into
nursing because of his father's death, which prompted him to select a career that improves people's
lives.
John is studying nursing diagnoses in his nursing fundamentals course and is learning the steps of the
nursing diagnostic process. He knows this information will help him care for cardiac patients in the
future.
John learns the four types of nursing diagnoses.
Which of the following are the four types of nursing diagnoses? (Select all that apply.)
Actual diagnoses
Risk diagnoses
Wellness diagnoses
Health promotion diagnoses
Disease prevention diagnoses - Correct Answer actual diagnoses, risk diagnoses, wellness diagnoses,
and health promotion diagnoses.
John is a first semester nursing student who is particularly interested in the cardiac system and
specifically heart disease since his father died of a heart attack at age 48. John decided to go into
nursing because of his father's death, which prompted him to select a career that improves people's
lives.
John is studying nursing diagnoses in his nursing fundamentals course and is learning the steps of the
nursing diagnostic process. He knows this information will help him care for cardiac patients in the
future.
John knows that a ______________ diagnosis is applied to vulnerable populations - Correct Answer
risk nursing
Rationale: A risk nursing diagnosis describes human responses to health conditions or life processes
that may develop in a vulnerable individual, family, or community.
Concept mapping is one way to
A. Connect concepts to a central subject.
B. Relate ideas to patient health problems.
C. Challenge a nurse's thinking about patient needs and problems.
D. Graphically display ideas by organizing data.
, E. All of the above - Correct Answer E. All of the above
For a student to avoid a data collection error, the student should
A. Assess the patient and, if unsure of the finding, ask a faculty member to assess the patient.
B. Review his or her own comfort level and competency with assessment skills.
C. Ask another student to perform the assessment.
D. Consider whether the diagnosis should be actual, potential, or risk. - Correct Answer A. Assess the
patient and, if unsure of the finding, ask a faculty member to assess the patient.
A patient is suffering from shortness of breath. The correct goal statement would be written as
A. The patient will be comfortable by the morning.
B. The patient will breath unlabored at 14 to 18 breaths per minute by the end of the shift.
C. The patient will not complain of breathing problems within the next 8 hours.
D. The patient will have a respiratory rate of 14 to 18 breaths per minute. - Correct Answer B. The
patient will breath unlabored at 14 to 18 breaths per minute by the end of the shift.
Fulmala is a first semester nursing student who is assigned to Ms. Nadine Skyfall, a 35 y/o American
Indian patient diagnosed with severe anemia secondary to a bleeding peptic ulcer. Ms. Skyfall
experiences pain because of the ulcer and weakness and fatigue resulting from the anemia.
Fulmala develops Ms. Skyfall's plan of care, which addresses pain, weakness, and fatigue. Fulmala
includes nutrition and patient safety as part of the plan of care.
Fulmala develops Ms. Skyfall's plan of care, including writing the goals and expected outcomes.
Fulmala knows that the guidelines for writing goals and expected outcomes include which of the
following? (Select all that apply.)
A. Measurable
B. Time-limited
C. Observable
D. Diagnostic
E. Realistic - Correct Answer Measurable, time-limited, observable, realistic
Fulmala knows that _________________ interventions require an order from a physician or another
health care professional. - Correct Answer dependent nursing
