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Virology Exam 1 (Columbia - Racaniello) Questions and Answers 100% Solved $11.49   Add to cart

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Virology Exam 1 (Columbia - Racaniello) Questions and Answers 100% Solved

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Virology Exam 1 (Columbia - Racaniello) Questions and Answers 100% Solved 1. How many viruses do we carry at any given time? Why don't these make us sick? - - most viruses just pass through us - non-human viruses - Viruses can be beneficial (thermotolerant fungi) - Strong immune system! How ...

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  • October 23, 2024
  • 24
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Virology
  • Virology
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JOSHCLAY
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

Virology Exam 1 (Columbia - Racaniello)

Questions and Answers 100% Solved


1. How many viruses do we carry at any given time? Why don't these make

us sick? - ✔✔- most viruses just pass through us

- non-human viruses

- Viruses can be beneficial (thermotolerant fungi)

- Strong immune system!

How can viruses be beneficial? Why do we care that they comprise the

most biodiversity on the planet? - ✔✔Co-evolution, thermotolerant fungi,

enteric virus replaces function of commensal bacteria

What is a virus? - ✔✔An infectious, obligate intracellular parasite

comprising genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat

and/or a membrane

Viroid - ✔✔just infect plants, naked RNA (ancient virus?)

Virion - ✔✔infectious viral particle

,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

How does viral replication differ from that of bacteria? - ✔✔Viruses must

assemble using pre-formed components!



No binary fission/splitting.

Make the parts and then assemble the product (eclipse period -->

burst/yield).



Bacteria grow immediately in media at a logarithmic rate. Viruses have very

different growth curve.

Eclipse Period - ✔✔Virions penetrate the cells. No virus detectable.

Burst/Yield - ✔✔Host cells release many viral particles.

Tobacco Mosaic Disease - ✔✔First virus!



Virus discovery - filterable agents. What was on the filter did not cause the

disease, but what went through the filter caused disease. Must have been

something very small.

Why was filtration used to define viruses, and how has this parameter

changed? - ✔✔What was on the filter did not cause the disease, but what

, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

went through the filter caused disease. Must have been something very

small. Originally thought it was a poisonous liquid.

Virus Classification - ✔✔1. Nature and sequence of nucleic acid in virion

2. Symmetry of protein shell (capsid)

3. Presence or absence of lipid membrane (envelope)

4. Dimensions of virion and capsid

Virus growth curve - ✔✔

Virus titer aka Viral load - ✔✔numerical expression of the quantity of virus

in a given volume



higher viral burden, titre, or viral load often correlates with the severity of an

active viral infection

Why do we care about viruses? - ✔✔1. Greatest biodiversity on Earthy -->

enormous genetic diversity and variation, can transfer to host cells via

horizontal gene transfer



2. Drive Global Cycles - carbon, etc.

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