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Virology Exam 2 Questions with 100% Correct Answers

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Virology Exam 2 Questions with 100% Correct Answers What type of virus is zika virus and how is it spread? - Flavivirus family; spread by mosquitoes which statement about polyadenylation of DNA viruses mRNAs is correct? a. it always occurs in the cytoplasm b. it occurs after cleavage of pre-m...

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  • October 23, 2024
  • 56
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Virology
  • Virology
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JOSHCLAY
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

Virology Exam 2 Questions with 100%

Correct Answers


What type of virus is zika virus and how is it spread? - ✔✔Flavivirus family;

spread by mosquitoes

which statement about polyadenylation of DNA viruses mRNAs is correct?



a. it always occurs in the cytoplasm

b. it occurs after cleavage of pre-mRNA

c. polyA is added at the 5' end of pre-mRNA

d. is specified by a stretch of U residues in the template - ✔✔b

adenovirus E1A protein stimulating the expression of adenovirus E2 protein

which then stimulates the expression of adenovirus IVa2 and L4 protein is

an example of:



a. a negative auto regulatory loop

b. repression of gene expression

,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

c. cascade regulation

d. dimerization - ✔✔c

What serum samples do zika virus cross react with? - ✔✔dengue, yellow

fever, and CHIK (makes prevalence of zika difficult to nail down)

Zika virus effect on pregnant woman: - ✔✔may be passed from mother to

child and cause birth defect microcephaly (small head); studies suggest

infection during 1st trimester leads to the defects

List zika virus virology info. - genome, structure, entry mechanism, and

transcription - ✔✔-genome: (+)ssRNA



-structure: enveloped icosahedral



-entry: receptor mediated endocytosis and low-pH induced fusion



-transcription: mRNA genome is immediately translated into 1 large

polypeptide that is cleaved by cellular & viral enzymes into individual

proteins

Where was the largest outbreak of zika virus obsered? - ✔✔brazil

,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

How does zika virus enter the human population? - ✔✔warm, urban

environments with standing pools of water attracts mosquitoes can lead to

spread of virus (biting ppl), possible that zika can be transmitted via sexual

intercourse, blood transfusion, & in utero

cycle where mosquitos feed on monkeys that are infected and the virus

goes back and forth between monkey and mosquito - ✔✔sylvatic cycle

cycle where mosquito finds a human to feed on and transmits a virus to a

human - ✔✔urban cycle

Where does zika virus originate? - ✔✔nonhuman primates in tropical rain

forests

Zika is considered a _____ virus because it is transmitted via an insect

vector - ✔✔Arthropod- Borne

an ___ is an arthropod-borne virus - ✔✔arbovirus

What species of mosquito carries zika virus? - ✔✔aedes aegypti, aedes

albopictus, yellow fever mosquito

two examples of an arthropod that can carry an arbovirus - ✔✔mosquito,

tick (sandflies, aphids)

, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

Describe a mosquito becoming a carrier of zika virus: - ✔✔bite --> saliva

numbing --> intake an infected blood meal --> virus infects midgut cells -->

virus spreads to hemolymph --> virus reaches salivary glands & replicates

Describe mosquito transmitting zika virus to human: - ✔✔infected mosquito

bites human --> injects saliva+zika --> zika enters human

How long does it take for a mosquito to become infectious with zika virus? -

✔✔3-10 days

why are arbovirus infections a long process? - ✔✔the virus needs to fully

replicate in a mosquito before it infects a human

Why do only female mosquitos bite humans? - ✔✔they require a blood

meal to produce eggs

Zika virus symptoms, prevention, and treatment: - ✔✔symptoms: fever,

headache, red eyes, skin rash, fatigue, joint pain



prevention: bug spray,cover water sources, insect screens



treatment: hydration

What virus is zika virus most similar to? - ✔✔dengue virus

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