BIO 353 EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

BIO 353 EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Filopodia contain receptors that sense the environment and... (a) all filopodia stop moving when the cell is about to extend a lamellpodium (b) as a first step in walking the lamelipodium forms before the filopodium (c) a lamellipodium extends only from filopodia that continue to move (d) two of the above (e) none of the above - Ans:-(e) none of the above. (T/F) Single-celled organisms have a limited number of biomolecular machines within them. - Ans:- true. (T/F) An evolutionary advancement occurred when organisms became multicellular and acquired a division of labor. - Ans:-true. (T/F) When a cell is anchorage-dependent for growth, it can then go through the cell cycle when it is suspended. - Ans:-false. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/11 Contact inhibition is a subset of ________. - Ans:-anchorage dependence for growth. What limits the growth of a tumor? - Ans:-invasion by capillaries. When the 1mm2 tissue fragment is place in the Erlenmeyer flask to loosen the cells in the tissue (primary explant), what were the components of the medium? - Ans:-PBS made 0.5% with trypsin and 3mM with MgCl2. What happens in primary culture? - Ans:-Some cells walk out of chunks and adhere to the plate. Some cells escape but don't adhere to the plate. Some cells die. (ESSAY) Explain two methods of making a cell line in detail? Assume in this answer you are starting with the end of secondary culture moving into making up the cell line. - Ans:-(ESSAY) (ESSAY) What are the limitations of cell culture technology? - Ans:-(ESSAY) (T/F) Peroxisomes likely originated from endosymbiosis. - Ans:-false. (T/F) Peroxisomes increase the fitness of the primitive proto-prokaryote by removing toxic oxygen in the ancient earth. - Ans:-true. (T/F) The endomembrane system supposedly resulted in the formation of the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and primary lysosomes. - Ans:-true. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/11 Loss of the cell wall: (a) is unique to plants (b) occurs only for the endosymbiosis theory (c) occurs both for the endosymbiosis theory and for the endomembrane system (d) made the plasma membrane become rigid (e) occurred due to love levels of oxygen - Ans:-(c) occurs both for the endosymbiosis theory and for the endomembrane system (T/F) The primitive protoprokaryote likely acquired motility before it lost the cell wall. - Ans:-false. The number of carbons in the esterified fatty acid tail is _____ and ranges between _____ and _____. - Ans:-even 16 22 (T/F) Lipids can move freely in the plane of the membrane because they are covalently linked. - Ans:- false. (T/F) Flip flopping between the inner leaflet and outer leaflet of the membrane is a frequent event. - Ans:-false. ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/11 The thickness of the membrane is _____ nm. - Ans:-5 In a phospholipid, the fatty acid chains are linked to the ______ by _____ bonds. - Ans:-glycerol ester The hydrophilic head group is hydrophilic because it can ____ bond. - Ans:-hydrogen. (T/F) It is the proteins in the biological membrane that serve to partition water. - Ans:-false. (T/F) Flipase is located in the Golgi apparatus and randomizes the lipids between the inner and outer leaflets of the membrane. - Ans:-false. (T/F) Unsaturated sites in the fatty acid tails of phospholipids are places that water can use to leak through the membrane. - Ans:-true. When a lipid goes from the gel state to the liquid crystal state, the reaction is _____. - Ans:- endothermic. Transmembrane Proteins: (a) can move laterally and flip 180 in the membra