Questions and Answers FSE Pathology
Practice Exam 1 Rated A+
What is pathology?
✔✔Pathology is the study of diseases, their causes, processes, development, and consequences,
as well as the effects on body tissues and organs.
What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
✔✔A sign is an objective indication of a disease that can be observed or measured by others,
while a symptom is a subjective experience reported by the patient.
What role does inflammation play in the body?
✔✔Inflammation is the body’s response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, heat,
swelling, and pain, and serves to protect and heal tissues.
What are the main types of necrosis?
✔✔The main types of necrosis include coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, fatty, and fibrinoid
necrosis, each with distinct characteristics and causes.
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,How does apoptosis differ from necrosis?
✔✔Apoptosis is a programmed and controlled process of cell death that eliminates damaged or
unnecessary cells, while necrosis is uncontrolled cell death due to injury or disease.
What is the significance of metastasis in cancer?
✔✔Metastasis refers to the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to other parts of the
body, indicating a more advanced stage of the disease and complicating treatment.
What are common causes of cellular injury?
✔✔Common causes of cellular injury include hypoxia, physical trauma, chemical exposure,
infectious agents, and immune responses.
What is the role of a pathologist in healthcare?
✔✔A pathologist is a medical doctor who diagnoses diseases by examining tissues, cells, and
bodily fluids, often using laboratory techniques and imaging.
What is the difference between benign and malignant tumors?
✔✔Benign tumors are non-cancerous growths that do not invade surrounding tissues or
metastasize, while malignant tumors are cancerous and can invade nearby structures and spread.
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,How do genetic mutations contribute to cancer development?
✔✔Genetic mutations can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and division, contributing to the
development of cancer by disrupting normal regulatory pathways.
What is the function of a biopsy in diagnosing diseases?
✔✔A biopsy involves the removal of tissue samples for microscopic examination to determine
the presence of disease, particularly cancer.
What is the significance of staging in cancer treatment?
✔✔Staging determines the extent of cancer spread within the body, guiding treatment decisions
and providing information about prognosis.
How can inflammation lead to chronic diseases?
✔✔Chronic inflammation can contribute to the development of diseases such as heart disease,
diabetes, and certain cancers by promoting tissue damage and dysfunction.
What are common risk factors for developing cardiovascular diseases?
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, ✔✔Common risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes,
obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle.
What is the role of the immune system in fighting diseases?
✔✔The immune system protects the body from pathogens and foreign substances by recognizing
and responding to infections and abnormal cells.
How does atherosclerosis affect blood vessels?
✔✔Atherosclerosis is the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to narrowed blood vessels,
reduced blood flow, and increased risk of heart attacks and strokes.
What are the characteristics of an autoimmune disease?
✔✔Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells,
leading to inflammation and damage in various tissues and organs.
What is the significance of laboratory tests in pathology?
✔✔Laboratory tests provide crucial information for diagnosing diseases, monitoring disease
progression, and evaluating treatment effectiveness.
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