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NUR 339 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 12 | GRADED A+ QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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NUR 339 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 12 | GRADED A+ QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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NUR 339 Exam 121. What are the functions of water?
Answer
-transport nutrients
-remove wastes
-regulate body temperature
2. What % is the adult body weight water?
Answer
50-60%
3. What are the two compartments of fluid in the body?
Answer
-ICF
intracellular fluid
= 70% total body H2O
-ECF
extracellular fluid = 30% total body H2O
4. What fluids are included in the ECF?
Answer
-Plasma = 1/4 of the ECF
-Interstitial fluid = 3/4 of the ECF
-Also lymph, bone and connective tissue fluid, special spaces (synovial, CSF, peritoneal, pleural
fluids)
5. What separates the 3 fluids from eachother?
Answer
,Cell and capillary membranes
6. What does the ECF contain?
Answer
Large amounts of Na and CL and small amounts of K, Mg, Ca, and phosphate
7. What does the ICF contain?
Answer
Large amounts of K and small amounts of Ca, Na, Cl, bicarb, Mg, and phosphate
8. How are the ECF levels of electrolytes measured?
Answer
Clinically (by lab results).
9. What factors influence the amount of body water?
Answer
-Age
-Gender
-Ratio of lean body mass to body fat
10. What is the total body water like in the elderly?
Answer
Higher body fat, less lean mass; TBW is lower (45-47%)
11. What is the total body water like in infants?
Answer
Higher surface area and meta- bolic rate; TBW is higher (80%)
12. What is the total body water like in males?
Answer
-More lean mass, less fat;
-TBW = 60-65%
,13. What is the total body water like in females?
Answer
-Less lean mass, more fat
-TBW = 50%
14. What is included in the intake of fluid?
Answer
-Oral
-Water in food
-IVs
15. What is included in the output of fluid?
Answer
-Urine
Answer
average uo is 60 ml/hour (<30 ml/hr may be considered renal compromise)
-Stool
-Drains
-Insensible losses
^skin
^lungs
16. What is the best way to measure fluid status?
Answer
Daily weights
17. What are the conditions that affect total body water and I&O?
Answer
-Fever - 10% increase in water loss with each increase in degree Celsius!
-Vomiting
, -Diarrhea
-Diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemia
-Diabetes insipidus (deficit of ADH)
-Surgical drains
-Mechanical ventilation and tachypnea
-Burns
-Medications (eg
Answer
diuretics)
-Enteral feedings
18. How does diabetes mellitus affectTBW and I & O?
Answer
Polydipsia, polyuria - fluid loss through kidneys
19. What are electrolytes?
Answer
Substances that dissociate in solution to form charged particles (ions)
20. What are cations?
Answer
Positive charge
Answer
Na, K, Ca, Mg, H
21. What are anions?
Answer
Negative charge
Answer
Cl, P04, HCO3
22. What are the key functions of electrolytes?
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