Chapter 16: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid- Base Imbalances Lewis: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Edition Exam Questions and Answers
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Course
Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing
Institution
Lewis Medical-Surgical Nursing
Chapter 16: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-
Base Imbalances Lewis: Medical-Surgical
Nursing, 10th Edition Exam Questions
and Answers
A patient who has a small cell carcinoma of the lung develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic
hormone (SIADH). The nurse should notify the health care provi...
d. "I will drink apple juice instead of orange juice for breakfast." - Ans:✔✔-ANS: D
Because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, patients should be taught to choose low-
potassium foods (e.g., apple juice) rather than foods that have higher levels of potassium (e.g., citrus
fruits). Because the patient is using spironolactone as a diuretic, the nurse would not encourage the
patient to increase fluid intake. Teach patients to avoid salt substitutes, which are high in potassium.
A patient with new-onset confusion and hyponatremia is being admitted. When making room
assignments, the charge nurse should take which action?
a. Assign the patient to a semi-private room.
b. Assign the patient to a room near the nurse's station.
c. Place the patient in a room nearest to the water fountain.
d. Place the patient on telemetry to monitor for peaked T waves.. - Ans:✔✔-ANS: B
The patient should be placed near the nurse's station if confused for the staff to closely monitor the
patient. To help improve serum sodium levels, water intake is restricted. Therefore a confused patient
should not be placed near a water fountain. Peaked T waves are a sign of hyperkalemia, not
hyponatremia. A confused patient could be distracting and disruptive for another patient in a
semiprivate room.
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