NUR 100 final exam study guide Questions & Answers
8 views 0 purchase
Course
NUR 100
Institution
NUR 100
agonist vs antagonist - ANSWERSAgonist = "Booster"
mimic/enhance drug action
E.g. Albuterol stimulates
beta receptors in lung to relax
smooth muscle
Antagonist = "Blocker"
Prevents drug action
E.g. Antihistamines block histamine receptors
Pharmacodynamics vs. Pharmacokinetics - ANS...
NUR 100 final exam study guide
Questions & Answers
agonist vs antagonist - ANSWERSAgonist = "Booster"
mimic/enhance drug action
E.g. Albuterol stimulates
beta receptors in lung to relax
smooth muscle
Antagonist = "Blocker"
Prevents drug action
E.g. Antihistamines block histamine receptors
Pharmacodynamics vs. Pharmacokinetics - ANSWERSPharmacodynamics 1
How drug affects body
Chemical interactions
Interaction when taking more than 1 drug
Watch for drug compatibility
Combination may produce a different response (e.g. Iron interferes with absorption of
levothyroxine)
Pharmacodynamics 2
Drug-receptor interactions:
Agonist = "Booster"
mimic/enhance drug action
E.g. Albuterol stimulates
beta receptors in lung to relax
smooth muscle
Antagonist = "Blocker"
Prevents drug action
E.g. Antihistamines block histamine receptors
Pharmacokinetics
How body affects drug
Absorption
Drugs must be absorbed into bloodstream
Distribution
Drugs carried to target cells/sites/organs
Metabolism
Drugs broken down - mostly in liver
Excretion
Drugs removed from body - mostly by kidney or feces
, Clinical Trials and purpeses - ANSWERSClinical Trials 1
Pre-clinical testing
In animals look at toxicity & possible useful effects
Phase I
20-80 healthy human volunteers
Assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics & pharmacodynamics
Phase II
100-300 patients with targeted problem
Assess how well drug works on the actual medical problem
Study dosage range & effectiveness
Clinical Trials 2
Phase III
Randomized controlled trials comparing effectiveness of new drug vs current "gold
standard" treatment
Must be at least as effective as current drug. CAN'T be less
Phase IV
Surveillance of safety after marketed/sold
**Some drugs get accelerated approval (e.g. meds for AIDS, Cancer... ) because they
are so desperately needed
Early approval given even if benefits are marginal
Willing to risk unknown side effects
May skip Phase IV & be approved at Phase III with understanding that rigorous follow
up studies must be done.
Trade or Brand vs. Generic - ANSWERSTrade or Brand - Name given by company with
original patent
E.g. - Tylenol
Generic - may be produced by other companies after patent is done
E.g. - Acetaminophen
The 6 Rights of Med administration EVERY TIME! - ANSWERSRight patient
Right drug
Right time
Right dose
Right route
Right reason
Adverse Effects - ANSWERSSide effect
Drug Schedules for Controlled Substances - ANSWERSSchedule I
High abuse & dependence potential without accepted medical use (Heroin)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Bestgrades2. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
