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Exam (elaborations)

MNT II Exam 3 Questions and Answers

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MNT II Exam 3 Questions and Answers formula for calculating enteral formula needs - Ans:-calories of formula/calories per ml = ml of formula ml of formula/24 hrs a day = ml per hour Oral, enteral, & parenteral methods of nutrition support are not... - Ans:-mutually exclusive often they are use...

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  • October 23, 2024
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GraceAmelia
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MNT II Exam 3 Questions and Answers


formula for calculating enteral formula needs - Ans:✔✔-calories of formula/calories per ml = ml of

formula




ml of formula/24 hrs a day = ml per hour


Oral, enteral, & parenteral methods of nutrition support are not... - Ans:✔✔-mutually exclusive




often they are used in combination especially when trying to transition back to a normal diet




ex. oral supplements w/ meals + tube feeding at night + meal trays during all mealtimes


when is nutrition support needed? - Ans:✔✔-When p.o intake & oral supplements cannot meet patient's

needs


enteral nutrition - Ans:✔✔-getting nutrients through a tube or catheter through the gastrointestinal tract




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preferred over parenteral bec. it preserves gut structure & function




prevents microvilli atrophy and gut permeability which increases when atrophy occurs




once decided, site of tube placement is determined first


parenteral nutrition - Ans:✔✔-getting nutrients through the blood vessels


used when enteral does not work


what types of modified foods or oral supplements can we try before Nutrition support is decided? -

Ans:✔✔-high cal/high protein drinks


fortified puddings


benefits of enteral nutrition compared to PN - Ans:✔✔-better GI barrier function


preserves GI immunity


dec. rate of infection


reduces catabolic response

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less septic morbidity, infections, healthcare cost


importance of GI system in immunity - Ans:✔✔-big part of immunity bec. it has a lot of immune cells in it




70% of our immune system is in the GI tract




has 80% of plasma cells needed for IgA antibody production (big role in immune fxn of mucous

membranes)


conditions requiring enteral nutrition - Ans:✔✔-1. cannot consume adequate nutrition orally (trauma,

cancer, COPD, HF, surgery, intubation, stroke)




2. impaired digestion, absorption, metabolism (gastroparesis, crohn's, ulcerative colitis)




3. PEM, severe wasting, or depressed growth (fail to thrive, anorexia, cachexia)


how to assess P.O. intake - Ans:✔✔-record amount of meals from nurses


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observe meal trays


enteral nutrition tube placement depends on: - Ans:✔✔-1. anticipated length of time for feeding




2. risk for aspiration/tube displacement




3. planned surgical intervention




4. presence of normal digestion and absorption


nasoenteric route for enteral nutrition access - Ans:✔✔-short term (up to 3-4 weeks); if longer needed,

can cause complications & should be changed to PEG/gastrostomy/jejunotomy tube




nasogastric: used when pt has normal GI fxn & gag reflex; bolus, intermittent, or continuous infusions




nasoduodenal/nasojejunal route: used for gastric motility disorders, esophageal reflux, persistent N&V


potential complications of nasal tubes - Ans:✔✔-- Nasal irritation and erosion

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