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BIO 252 FINAL EXAM Chamberlain 2024/2025 NEWEST!! COMPLETE ACTUAL 400 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS ) ALREADY GRADED A+.$25.49
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BIO 252 FINAL EXAM Chamberlain 2024/2025 NEWEST!! COMPLETE
ACTUAL 400 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS ) ALREADY GRADED A+.
Muscle Tissue Property: Electrical Excitability - ANSWER-ions are
charged molecules that have different concentrations between a
semipermeable membrane
Muscular Tissue Property: Contractility - ANSWER-the ability to
forcefully contract
Muscular Tissue Property: Extensibility - ANSWER-the ability to
stretch
Muscular Tissue Property: Elasticity - ANSWER-the ability to return to
your original shape
Microscopic Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle Fiber - ANSWER--each
mature skeletal muscle fiber has 100+ nuclei
-once fusion has occurred the muscle fiber loses its ability to undergo
cell division
-skeletal muscles are set before you are born and last a life time
Control of Muscle Tension: Sliding Filament Mechanism - ANSWER-
myosin pulls on actin, causing thin filament to slide forward -
consequently, Z discs move toward each other and the sarcomere
shortens
,-thanks to structural proteins, there is a transmission of force
throughout the entire muscle ***Filaments do not change in length
digestive tract (aka GI tract) - ANSWER-Covering an internal lumen
(which is actually "outside" the body)
The disassembly line of our body
accessory digestive organs - ANSWER-Teeth, pancreas, assisting in
mechanical and chemical digestion
Which of the following best describes the role of the esophagus in
digestion? - ANSWER-Connects the mouth to the stomach and has no
role in chemical digestion
It's role is just propulsion
3 roles of the stomach - ANSWER-1. Storage facility. Most digestion
happens in the small intestine so we just don't have enough room so
we need to store in in stomach
2. Disassembly. First step in digestion of proteins. It's not essential,
but it's difficult without it.
3. Defense. Acidic environment gets rid of pathogens.
rugae - ANSWER-These are the foldings inside the stomach that allow
the stomach to expand and then it makes it so it doesn't tear apart
when it stretches
fundus - ANSWER-store room in the stomach where some of the food
waits until we can deal with it.
,3 smooth muscle layers in the stomach - ANSWER-Longitudinal
muscle most external Circular muscle within that
And then most deep, oblique muscle
The cells lining the stomach secrete mucin (mucous)
The lining is dotted with millions of gastric pits
What structural modification underlies the stomach's ability to
mechanically digest food? - ANSWER-The stomach has an extra
group of muscles called the oblique muscles that are responsible for
the churning and mechanical digestion of food
chyme - ANSWER-Gastric juice + digestive food either
delivered in small amounts to the duodenum or forced
backward into the stomach for further mixing
The curious case of Alexis St Martin - ANSWER-Dr. William Beaumont
In michigan, wanted to study the stomach and body
Alexis St Martin was shot and it went through left part of body. Went
through stomach and out
Took different types of food and tied it to a string and put it in his
stomach and waited and took it out to see if it was digested or not.
Mucous neck cells - ANSWER-in the gastric glands.
Secrete a thin mucous layer
, Parietal cells - ANSWER-in the gastric glands. Secrete intrinsic factor
and hydrochloric acid
Intrinsic factor has nothing to do with stomach. Really is just
important protein that has receptors on walls of small intestine that
binds to essential vitamin (B12) because it can't be digested by itself
There is a sublingual supplement (put it under your tongue)
This lets you absorb B12 directly into the capillaries in the bottom of
your mouth
Chief cells - ANSWER-in the gastric glands. Secrete pepsinogen. This
gets modified and becomes an active enzyme. Becomes an enzyme in
an acidic environment called pepsin. Pepsin can do digestion of
proteins. Acidic environment comes from HCL from parietal cells
HCL assists in pepsin synthesis and activity
Breaking down cell walls of plant foods
Defense against pathogens
gastric juice - ANSWER-Mucus, HCL, pepsinogen
Secreted to the lumen
Enteroendocrine cells - ANSWER-G cells: Gastrin
Gastrin will go back and promote secretion of gastric juice
How does gastrin from the bottom make it to parietal cells and chief
cells? - ANSWER-Gastrin is a protein that serves as a hormone so it
goes through the blood vessels.
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