object permanence - correct answer the awareness that objects continue to exist
even when they disappear from sight
sensorimotor period - correct answer Piaget's infancy period of cognitive
development; thinking seems to involve the entire body; reflexive behavior is
gradually replaced by more ...
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Pediatrics Final Exam with answers
rated A+
object permanence - correct answer the awareness that objects continue to exist
even when they disappear from sight
sensorimotor period - correct answer Piaget's infancy period of cognitive
development; thinking seems to involve the entire body; reflexive behavior is
gradually replaced by more complex activities; the world becomes increasingly
solid through the development of the concept of object permanence; by the end
of this stage, the infant shows some evidence of reasoning
sensorimotor period - correct answer Period 1 (birth to 2yr): reflexive behavior is
used to adapt to the environment; egocentric view of the world; development of
object permanence
magical thinking - correct answer the belief that events occur because of wishing
animism - correct answer the perception that all objects have life and feeling
preoperational thought - correct answer Piaget's toddlerhood & preschool age
period of cognitive thought; language becomes increasingly useful; judgements
are dominated by perception and are illogical, and thinking is characterized by
egocentrism (esp during the early part of this stage); magical thinking and
animism characterize this period; at the end of this stage, child shifts from
egocentric thinking and begins to be able to look at the world from another's
point of view; this shifting enables the child to move to the next stage/period
preoperational thought - correct answer Period 2 (2-7yr): thinking remains
egocentric, becomes magical. and is dominated by perception
concrete operations - correct answer Piaget's school age period of cognitive
thought; child is no longer bound by perceptions and can distinguish fact from
fantasy; the concept of time becomes increasingly clear during this stage,
although far past and far future events remain obscure' although reasoning
powers increase rapidly during this stage, the child cannot deal with abstractions
or with socialized thinking
concrete operations - correct answer Period 3 (7-11yr): thinking becomes more
systematic and logical, but concrete objects and activities are needed
formal operations - correct answer Piaget's adolescent thought adulthood period
of cognitive thought; the teen proceeds from concrete to abstract and symbolic
and from self-centered to other centered; teens can develop hypotheses and then
systematically deduce the best strategies for solving a particular problem;
appropriate adolescent decision-making is based on a combo of experimental and
analytical thinking
1
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Pediatrics Final Exam with answers
rated A+
formal operations - correct answer Period 4 (11yr-adulthood): new ideas can be
created; situations can be analyzed; use of abstract and futuristic thinking;
understands logical consequences of behavior
oral stage - correct answer Freud's infancy stage of psychosexual development;
mouth is a sensory organ; infant takes in and explores during the passive substage
(first half of infancy); infant strikes out with teeth during the aggressive substage
- sexual behavior seems to focus around the mouth, the most erogenous area of
the infant body; infant derive pleasure from sucking and exploring objects by
placing them in their mouths
anal stage - correct answer Freud's toddlerhood stage of psychosexual
development; major focus of sexual interest is anus; control of body function is
major feature (as potty training begins) which leads to the sense of autonomy as
the child masters body functions
phallic or oedipal/electra stage - correct answer Freud's preschool age stage of
psychosexual development; genitals become focus of sexual curiosity, curious
about anatomic differences, childbirth, and sexuality; often ask many questions,
freely exhibit their own sexual organs, and want to peek at those of others;
children often masturbate; superego (conscious) develops; feelings of guilt
emerge
superego - correct answer an inner voice that reprimands and evokes guilt;
similar to a conscience
Oedipus/electra complex - correct answer boys/girls have possessiveness for the
opposite-sex parent, marked by aggressiveness toward the same-sex parent; this
is normal behavior, as is a heightened interest in sex
latency stage - correct answer Freud's school-age stage of psychosexual
development; sexual feelings are firmly repressed by the superego; period of
relative calm; best friends and same-sex peer groups are influential in the school-
age child's life; younger children often refuse to play with the opposite sex;
prepubertal children begin to desire the companionship of opposite-sex friends
puberty/genital stage - correct answer Freud's adolescent stage of psychosexual
development; stimulated by increasing hormone levels, dramatic physical
changes, and shifting social relationships; develops more adults view of sexuality,
sexual energy wells up in full force, resulting in personal and family turmoil;
cognitive skills, particularly in young adolescents, are not fully developed,
however, decisions are made often based on the teen's emotional state, rather
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