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NURS 202- Technologies Exam #1 Study Questions with Correct Answers
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Low pH - Answer-Acidic High pH - Answer-Alkaline Normal pH ranges for the body - Answer-7.35-7.45 pH If the pH is high with a low concentration of H+? - Answer-Then the body wants to reabsorb H+ and eliminate HCO3 (bicarbonate) High hydrogen (acidosis) and your PH is low? - Answer-The b...

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  • October 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NURS 202- Technologies Exam #1 Study
Questions with Correct Answers
Low pH - Answer-Acidic

High pH - Answer-Alkaline

Normal pH ranges for the body - Answer-7.35-7.45 pH

If the pH is high with a low concentration of H+? - Answer-Then the body wants to
reabsorb H+ and eliminate HCO3 (bicarbonate)

High hydrogen (acidosis) and your PH is low? - Answer-The body wants hydrogen
elimination and the bicarb reabsorbed

Respiratory Acidosis - Answer-pH <7.35
**high PaCO2
normal HCO3-

Respiratory Alkalosis - Answer-pH >7.45
---Low--- PaCO2
normal HCO3-

Normal RBC count - Answer-4.2-5.2 million/mm3

Mature platelet - Answer-Thrombocyte

If you have too many platelets you are at risk for - Answer-blood clot

Normal platelet count - Answer-100,000-400,000/mm3
*** A patient with a 20,000 platelet count would be at risk for a bleed.

Erythrocytes - Answer-RBCs produced in the bone marrow. Normal survival is 85-90
days (3 months)

Reticulocyte count - Answer-Almost matured red blood cell count that it is in the bone
marrow. This is how you can measure the production of blood cells in the bone marrow.

Normal Hemoglobin count - Answer-13-18 g/dl (male); 12-16 g/dl (female)

Normal Hematocrit count - Answer-40-50% (male); 38%-48% (female)

Normal WBC count - Answer-5,000-10,000/mm3

,Hemoglobin is defined as... - Answer-A molecule that is bound to a RBC that binds to
oxygen and carries it to the tissues.
***Think Oxygen Saturation.

Normal Granulocytes/PMN cell count - Answer-Segmented Neutrophils- 50-60%
Eosinophils- 1-3%
Basophils- 0-1%

Normal Band Neutrophils count - Answer-<5%

Normal Lymphocyte count - Answer-22-35%

Normal Monocyte count - Answer-5-10%

What WBCs are granulocytes? - Answer-Neutrophils, Eosinophils, & Basophils

If you have an infection what cell is going to go up? - Answer-WBCs (particularly
granulocytes in the neutrophil area)

What are band neutrophils? - Answer-They are rapidly used in infection. They are
slightly immature neutrophils.

"Shift to the left" means? - Answer-The band neutrophils are being put out before they
are matured and they are being eaten up.

CBC - Answer-Complete Blood Count for a Peripheral Blood Smear

Sodium - Answer-136-144 mEq/L

Chloride - Answer-101-111 mEq/L

Potassium - Answer-3.7-5.2 mEq/L

Low potassium and high potassium can cause - Answer-causes cardiac arythmias

If someone is dehydrated they would have... - Answer-High sodium

Chloride will - Answer-follow sodium levels

Blood Urea Nitrogen BUN indicates - Answer-7-20 mg/dL
How much nitrogen is in the blood and it tells you how the kidneys are functioning. If
nitrogen is high it is a sign of kidney failure.

Creatinine - Answer-0.8-1.2 mg/dL
Kidney function.

,Glucose - Answer-70-100 mg/dL
Tells us how much sugar is readily available in the blood.

Bicarbonate (HCO3) - Answer-20-29 mmol/L
Tells us if the patient is in Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis.

Albumin - Answer-3.9-5.0 g/dL
Has potential pulling power and influences fluid in the extracellular and intracellular
space.
If Albumin is low then the patient is unable to excrete fluids and can result in ascites.

CMP - Answer-Complete Metabolic Panel

Calcium - Answer-8.5-10.9 mg/dL
Pressure on the long bones is how we get calcium. This is why ambulation is so
important for patients. It stimulates the osteoblasts to make bone and produce calcium.
If a patient has a low level of calcium it can make the patient experience jitters and
Tetany.

Anion Gap definition and norms - Answer-Measures: anions in blood (taken from serum
or plasma)
Normal gap is between 5-11 mE/L or mmols/L

Hyponatremia - Answer-Too low sodium

Too big of an Anion Gap in the blood can lead to... - Answer-Drug poisoning, renal
failure, metabolic acidosis (diabetes mellitus). If the gap is greater than normal, then
high anion gap metabolic acidosis is diagnosed.

How to determine: (cations [+] -anions [-]): - Answer-Sodium (Na+)+ Potassium (K+)-
Chloride (Cl-) + Bicarbonate (HCO3-

136 ( 136-144 mEq/L normal range) + 4 (3.7-5.2 mEq/L normal range) = 140
100 (101-111 mEq/L normal range) + 28 (20-29 mmol/L normal range) =128

In the elderly there is a decline in...? - Answer-Decrease in short term memory
Visual Acuity
Urinary elimination
Sense of smell/taste
Sensory perception (diabetes mellitus)

When a patient has soft wrist restraints on after attempting to pull out their IV and
catheter, document how frequently you would check the patient's skin integrity? -
Answer-2 hours

, When a patient has restraints on for being a danger to themselves, document how
frequently a nurse would be required to check on the patient? - Answer-Every 15
minutes (for behavioral restraints)

If a client has delirium at night what is the best way to care for them as far as safety
goes? - Answer-Use an indirect light source and turn the tv off to promote rest and
relaxation.

How often do you have to obtain a physician's order for med-surgery restraints? -
Answer-Daily

An older adult client has experiences memory and attention deficits that developed over
a 3-day period. These symptoms are characteristic of which disorder? - Answer-
Delirium

The physician must see and evaluate the patient within what time period in relation to
restraints. - Answer-1 hour of the time the restraints were placed on the patient.
(behavioral)
-They must be evaluated every 8 hours in person (behavioral) and the nurse may obtain
a total of 2 4-hour orders for behavioral restraints before a doctor needs to see the
patient and reevaluate further use of restraints.
12 hour after the time the restraints were initially placed on the patient (med-surg)
- they must be regularly evaluated no less that every calendar day

Always Assess before you...? - Answer-Act

Verbalize examples of correct nursing diagnostic statements. - Answer-o Insomnia r/t
anxiety aeb (as evidenced by) difficulty falling asleep
o Risk for falls r/t dizziness aeb unsteady gait.
o Risk of infection related to compromised nutritional state aeb high WBC count.

Define "Data-based assessment" - Answer-o comprehensive information you gather on
initial contact with the person to assess all aspects of health status.

Define "Focused assessment" - Answer-the data you gather to determine the status of a
specific condition.

Define the primary and secondary sources of data. - Answer-♣ Primary source: patient
♣ Secondary source: patient's family, reports, test results, information in current and
past medical records, and discussions with other health care workers

How would one verify collected data? - Answer-♣ Measurable data
♣ Double check personal observations
♣ Double check equipment
♣ Check with experts and team members
♣ Recheck outliers

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