100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
NURS 617 EXAM 2 AND 3 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 NEWEST EXAM COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A+ $19.99
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. NURS 617
  4.  
  5. NURS 617

Exam (elaborations)

NURS 617 EXAM 2 AND 3 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 NEWEST EXAM COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A+
 0 purchase
  • Course
  • NURS 617
  • Institution
  • NURS 617

NURS 617 EXAM 2 AND 3 ACTUAL EXAM 2024 NEWEST EXAM COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A+

Preview 4 out of 66  pages

Document information

  • October 23, 2024
  • 66
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • nurs 617 exam 2 and 3 actual exam 2024 newest exa

Written for

  • NURS 617
  • NURS 617

Seller

avatar-seller
Verifiedtestbanks

Reviews received

Content preview

NURS 617 EXAM 2 AND 3 ACTUAL EXAM 2024
NEWEST EXAM COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS/
ALREADY GRADED A+




EXAM 2
During the cardiac cycle, which structure directly delivers action potential to the
ventricular myocardium?

a. Sinoatrial (SA) node
b. Atrioventricular (AV) node
c. Purkinje fibers
d. Bundle branches - ANSWERc. Purkinje fibers

Each cardiac action potential travels from the SA node to the AV node to the bundle of
His (AV bundle), through the bundle branches, and finally to the Purkinje fibers and the
ventricular myocardium, where the impulse is stopped.

The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the sinoatrial (SA) node
because it:

a. Has a superior location in the right atrium.
b. Is the only area of the heart capable of spontaneous depolarization.
c. Has rich sympathetic innervation via the vagus nerve.
d. Depolarizes more rapidly than other automatic cells of the heart - ANSWERd.
Depolarizes more rapidly than other automatic cells of the heart

The electrical impulse normally begins in the SA node because its cells depolarize more
rapidly than other automatic cells.

What can shorten the conduction time of action potential through the atrioventricular
(AV) node?

a. Parasympathetic nervous system
b. Catecholamines
c. Vagal stimulation
d. Sinoatrial node (SA) - ANSWERb. Catecholamines

,Catecholamines speed the heart rate, shorten the conduction time through the AV node,
and increase the rhythmicity of the AV pacemaker fibers.

If the sinoatrial (SA) node fails, then at what rate (depolarizations per minute) can the
atrioventricular (AV) node depolarize?

a. 60 to 70
b. 40 to 60
c. 30 to 40
d. 10 to 20 - ANSWERb. 40 to 60

If the SA node is damaged, then the AV node will become the heart's pacemaker at a rate
of approximately 40 to 60 spontaneous depolarizations per minute.

Within a physiologic range, what does an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume
(preload) result in?

a. Increase in force of contraction
b. Decrease in refractory time
c. Increase in afterload
d. Decrease in repolarization - ANSWERa. Increase in force of contraction

This concept is expressed in the Frank-Starling law; the cardiac muscle, like other
muscles, increases its strength of contraction when it is stretched.

As stated in the Frank-Starling law, a direct relationship exists between the _____ of the
blood in the heart at the end of diastole and the _____ of contraction during the next
systole.

a. Pressure; force
b. Volume; strength
c. Viscosity; force
d. Viscosity; strength - ANSWERb. Volume; strength

As stated in the Frank-Starling law, the volume of blood in the heart at the end of diastole
(the length of its muscle fibers) is directly related to the force (strength) of contraction
during the next systole.

What physical sign is the result of turbulent blood flow through a vessel?

a. Increased blood pressure during periods of stress b. Bounding pulse felt on palpation
c. Cyanosis observed on excretion
d. Murmur heard on auscultation - ANSWERd. Murmur heard on auscultation

Where flow is obstructed, the vessel turns or blood flows over rough surfaces. The flow
becomes turbulent with whorls or eddy currents that produce noise, causing a murmur
to be heard on auscultation, such as occurs during blood pressure measurement with a
sphygomanometer.

What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis?

,a. Release of the inflammatory cytokines
b. Macrophages adhere to vessel walls.
c. Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery walls
d. Release of the platelet-deprived growth factor - ANSWERc. Injury to the endothelial
cells that line the artery walls

Atherosclerosis begins with an injury to the endothelial cells that line the arterial walls.
Possible causes of endothelial injury include the common risk factors for
atherosclerosis, such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, increased levels of low-
density lipoprotein (LDL), decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and
autoimmunity.

What is the effect of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in atherosclerosis?

a. LDLs cause smooth muscle proliferation.
b. LDLs cause regression of atherosclerotic plaques. c. LDLs increase levels of
inflammatory cytokines.
d. LDLs direct macrophages to the site in the endothelium. - ANSWERa. LDLs cause
smooth muscle proliferation.

Oxidized LDLs are toxic to endothelial cells, cause smooth muscle proliferation, and
activate further immune and inflammatory responses.

When endothelia cells are injured, what alteration contributes to atherosclerosis?

a. The release of toxic oxygen radicals that oxidize low-density lipoproteins (LDLs).
b. Cells are unable to make the normal amount of vasodilating cytokines.
c. Cells produce an increased amount of antithrombotic cytokines.
d. Cells develop a hypersensitivity to homocysteine and lipids. - ANSWERb. Cells are
unable to make the normal amount of vasodilating cytokines.

Injured endothelial cells become inflamed and cannot make normal amounts of
antithrombotic and vasodilating cytokines.

What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm?

a. Atherosclerosis causes ischemia of the intima.
b. It increases nitric oxide.
c. Atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall.
d. It obstructs the vessel. - ANSWERc. Atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall

Atherosclerosis is a common cause of aneurysms because plaque formation erodes the
vessel wall.

What is the usual source of pulmonary emboli?

a. Deep venous thrombosis
b. Endocarditis
c. Valvular disease
d. Left heart failure - ANSWERa. Deep venous thrombosis

, Pulmonary emboli originate in the venous circulation (mostly from the deep veins of the
legs) or in the right heart.

Which factor can trigger an immune response in the bloodstream that may result in an
embolus?

a. Amniotic fluid
b. Fat
c. Bacteria
d. Air - ANSWERa. Amniotic fluid

Of the options available, only amniotic fluid displaces blood, thereby reducing oxygen,
nutrients, and waste exchange; however, it also introduces antigens, cells, and protein
aggregates that trigger inflammation, coagulation, and the immune response in the
bloodstream.

Superior vena cava syndrome is a result of a progressive increase of which process?

a. Inflammation
b. Occlusion
c. Distention
d. Sclerosis - ANSWERb. Occlusion

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a progressive occlusion of the superior vena
cava (SVC) that leads to venous distention in the upper extremities and head.

What term is used to identify when a cell is temporarily deprived of blood supply?

a. Infarction
b. Ischemia
c. Necrosis
d. Inflammation - ANSWERb. Ischemia

Coronary artery disease (CAD) can diminish the myocardial blood supply until
deprivation impairs myocardial metabolism enough to cause ischemia, a local state in
which the cells are temporarily deprived of blood supply.

The risk of developing coronary artery disease is increased up to threefold by which
factor?

a. Diabetes mellitus
b. Hypertension
c. Obesity
d. High alcohol consumption - ANSWERb. Hypertension

Hypertension is the only factor responsible for a twofold-to-threefold increased risk of
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Which risk factor is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) because of its
relationship with the alteration of hepatic lipoprotein?

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Verifiedtestbanks. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $19.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

67418 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Avid Media Composer 2 Final Review Exam And Complete Answers 2024.
$19.99
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added