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EPSY 1450W Exam #1 Study Guide correctly answered already passed
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EPSY 1450W Exam #1 Study Guide correctly answered already passed
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EPSY 1450W Exam #1 Study Guidecorrectly answered already passed
Describe the connection between the mind and the body - correct answer ✔✔- Nearly every illness is
influenced by how we think/feel, whether that be good or bad
- Research is confirming that the state of a persons mind directly affects his or her physical illness
- To focus on prevention, there has been an increase in mind-body medicine
Describe the brief history of mind-body medicine - correct answer ✔✔- The relationship between
physical and psychosocial well-being is not a new concept. It has been around since the beginning of
modern medicine, existing across cultures throughout history
- Influence of mind over body can be found in traditions of ancient civilizations, including aztecs and
mayans
- Chinese, Egyptians, Indians, and Greeks all used the concept of the mind and body connection
- Mid 1800s was the initial modern link of mind and body through the work of Claude Bernard, a French
physiologist. He discovered that disruptions in the mind and body caused diseases
Describe the Theory of "Dualism' (Rene Descartes) - correct answer ✔✔- Matter behaves according to
physical law
- Spirit is dimensionless and immaterial
- His claim was that body is the material and the mind is spiritual.
What is PNI? - correct answer ✔✔- Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) = how the brain affects the body's
immune cells and how the immune system can be affected by emotions and behavior
- Explores the interactions of the brain, nervous system, and immune system
- Incorporates a broad field of studies (psychology, neuroscience, immunology, physiology,
pharmacology, molecular biology, psychiatry, behavioral medicine, infectious disease, and
endocrinology)
, Describe evidence of the connections between mind and body - correct answer ✔✔1. The CNS is linked
to bone marrow and thymus (where immune system cells are produced) and to the spleen and lymph
nodes (where such cells are stored)
2. Scientists have found nerve endings in the tissues of the immune system
3. Changes in the brain and spinal cord affect how the immune system responds; when researchers
trigger an immune response
4. Emotions trigger the release of hormones into the system
What are the links between the mind and longevity? - correct answer ✔✔- Social characteristics leading
to good health (stable homes with long lived parents; married people generally feel less lonely)
- Relationship between mind and immune system is beneficial (old age is generally most studies indicate
the mind produces less natural killers as it ages)
What are some criticisms of the Mind-Body approach? - correct answer ✔✔- There are still critics who
look at claims of solid connections between the brain, immune system, and endocrine system
- Some critics like to point out that since the immune system itself is so complex, the studies that
attempt to unravel its functioning are just as complicated
- Researchers need to be aware of potential limitations, subtle biases, "holes" in data, and temptation to
make generalizations
What is Integrative Medicine? - correct answer ✔✔- A new branch of medicine that is leveraging the
research findings of PNI and is expanding into new universities, medical schools, and hospitals. It
combines the greatest insights from ancient healing systems with the latest scientific advances in
western medicine.
- It is focused on the reintegration of whole person including the mind body and spirit
- Integrative medicine includes: partnership between patient and practitioner; Use of both conventional
and alternative methods to achieve healing; Consideration of all factors that could work together to
cause and heal illness; Examination ensuring that alternative methods are not rejected or conventional
methods are.
What is the challenge for traditional medicine within the 21st century? - correct answer ✔✔- Consumer
confidence in traditional medicine is decreasing
- The traditional approach is not working well for all types of illnesses, so patients that have started to
seek out unconventional therapies, many of whom suffer from chronic disease
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