Patho exam 4 modules Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version
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Course
Patho
Institution
Patho
In which layer of the arterial wall can an atheroma form?
A. Tunica externa
B. Tunica musculara
C. Tunica intima
D. Tunica media
C. Tunica intima
Which substance contains the most cholesterol?
A. VLDL
B. HDL
C. LDL
D. Chylomicron
C. LDL
Which type of cell is associated with endothelia...
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d. Smooth muscle cells
✓ b. Macrophages
Which statement explains how cholesterol is processed in the body?
A. The capillaries in the digestive tract transports dietary cholesterol to the cells. Low-density
lipoproteins (LDLs) move cholesterol from the cells to the liver for processing into high-density
lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. The HDL moves cholesterol in the blood back to the cells, where it
accumulates as fat deposits inside the blood vessels.
B. Dietary fat is processed in the liver into HDL and LDL. The LDL cholesterol is transported to
cells in the body. HDL transports cholesterol back to the liver for reprocessing and excretion as
bile salts. Excess cholesterol in the blood accumulates as plaques in the vessel walls.
✓ B. Dietary fat is processed in the liver into HDL and LDL. The LDL cholesterol is transported
to cells in the body. HDL transports cholesterol back to the liver for reprocessing and
excretion as bile salts. Excess cholesterol in the blood accumulates as plaques in the vessel
walls.
Mr. D. is 60 years old with a body mass index (BMI) of 32. He comes to the emergency
department (ED) with severe chest pain radiating down his left arm. He is sweating, grasping
his chest in pain, and complaining of nausea. He says the pain started early this morning,
around 7 a.m.; it is now noon. He said he was mowing the lawn when the pain began, so he
rested for a while. The pain did not subside.Mr. D.'s blood pressure is 180/100 mm Hg, pulse
is 124, respirations are 20 breaths per minute, and temperature is 98.6°F. He has a medical
history of coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus. He smokes two packs of cigarettes
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per day, enjoys eating fried foods, and does not adhere to any nutritional guidelines. He does
not exercise, and his job mostly involves sitting at a desk. Mr. D. is diagnosed with myocardial
infarction from atherosclerosis.What makes up the plaque in Mr. D.'s arteries made of? Select
all that
✓ Lipid debris
✓ Collagen
✓ Fibrous cap
✓ Lymphocytes
Which processes in the blood vessel precede an atheroma rupture?
a. Cholesterol builds up in the blood vessel, causing accumulation of blood clots and slowing
blood flow.
b. The blood vessel wall narrows from lipoproteins, allowing plaque to dissolve into the blood
and thrombus formation.
c. A blood vessel wall injury allows lipoprotein infiltration and monocytes migration, causing
buildup and protrusion of fatty streaks into the blood vessel.
d. Plaque in the blood allows vessel walls to thicken with lipid debris and causes thrombus
formation.
✓ c. A blood vessel wall injury allows lipoprotein infiltration and monocytes migration,
causing buildup and protrusion of fatty streaks into the blood vessel.
Mr. D. is 60 years old with a body mass index (BMI) of 32. He comes to the emergency
department (ED) with severe chest pain radiating down his left arm. He is sweating, grasping
his chest in pain, and complaining of nausea. He says the pain started early this morning,
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