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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NU410 Final Exam Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
Hemorrhagic Stroke S/S & Treatment - Ans:✔✔-- Vomiting, bleeding, severe headache, sudden changes
in LOC, one sided numbness/weakness, slurred speech, loss of coordination, & visual disturbances
- Surgery is rare, bedrest with sedation, work to prevent/tx complications
Ischemic Stroke S/S & Treatment - Ans:✔✔-- One sided numbness/weakness, slurred speech, loss of
coordination, confusion, & visual disturbances
- Tx with tPA, anticoagulation therapy, endovascular therapy, & elevated HOB
Left vs Right Side Stroke - Ans:✔✔-- Left: Right sided numbness/weakness, right visual field deficit,
aphasia, altered intellectual ability, & slow cautious behavior
- Right: Left sided numbness/weakness, left visual field deficit, spatial-perceptual deficits, increased
distractibility, impulsive behavior, poor judgement, & lack of awareness of deficits
Increased ICP & Treatment - Ans:✔✔-- Normal range: 0-10 mmHg
- Alteration in balance of blood, CSF, & brain matter
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- Manifested by change in LOC, agitation, restlessness, slowing of speech, & slow to respond
- Treat with Ventriculostomy, VP shunt, Burr holes, or Mannitol
Decorticate Posturing - Ans:✔✔-- Characterized by upper extremities flexed at elbows & held closely to
body while lower extremities are externally rotated & extended
- Occurs when brainstem is not inhibited by the motor function of the cerebral cortex
Decerebrate Posturing - Ans:✔✔-- Characterized by neck is extension with jaw clenched, pronated &
extended that are close to sides, & legs extended straight out
- Most ominous sign of brain stem damage
- BAD OUTCOMES
ALS Most Important Info - Ans:✔✔-- Progressive loss of motor neurons in CNS
- No cure, focus on management of symptoms
- Affects voluntary muscles
- Worried about airway
- Characterized by progressive weakness/atrophy, muscle cramps, muscle twitching, loss of coordination,
hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, difficulty speaking, difficulty breathing, & dysphagia
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Most Important Info - Ans:✔✔-- Autoimmune disorder affecting nerve cells in
CNS causing worsening of voluntary muscle function
- Characterized by fatigue, pain, paresthesia, diplopia, visual changes,
tinnitus, vertigo, decreased hearing acuity, & plaques on MRI
- Visual symptoms occur first
- Can follow multiple different courses, relapsing-remitting is most common
Guillien-Barre Most Important Info - Ans:✔✔-- Acute paralytic polyneuropathy cased by a preceding
infection
- Characterized by ascending symmetrical weakness starting in legs
- Worried about airway
- Treated with medications & rehab, most patients make full recovery
Parkinson's Disease (PD) Most Important Info - Ans:✔✔-- Progressively debilitating disease that grossly
affects motor function
- Characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity, akinesia/bradykinesia, & postural instability
- No cure
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