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Patho NR 283 exam 1 questions and answers graded 2024

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In regards to chromosomal mutation, nondisjunction is known as what? -Correct Answer Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during cell division What is an example of an autosomal-dominant disease? -Correct Answer Huntington's disease What is an example of an autosomal-recessive diseas...

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  • October 24, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Patho NR 283 exam 1



Patho NR 283 exam 1 questions and
answers graded 2024
In regards to chromosomal mutation, nondisjunction is known as what? -Correct Answer
✔Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during cell division

What is an example of an autosomal-dominant disease? -Correct Answer
✔Huntington's disease

What is an example of an autosomal-recessive disease? -Correct Answer ✔Cystic
fibrosis

What is an example of an X-linked condition? -Correct Answer ✔Red - green color
blindness

What is an example of multifactorial inheritance? -Correct Answer ✔Pyloric stenosis

Knowing physiologic signs of injury you might expect the following system is consistent
with systemic manifestations of cellular injury during a myocardial infarction (select all
that apply)

A. Elevated aspartate
aminotransferase (AST/SGOT)
C. Increased leukocytes
D. Pain
E. Increase heart rate
F. Fever
G. Elevated Creatinine Kinase
H. Elevated alanin aminostransferase (ALT/SGPT) -Correct Answer ✔A. elevated
aspartate
aminotransferase
C. increased leukocytes
E. increased HR
G. elevated creatinine kinase
H. elevated alanin aminostransferase

The nurse teaching an elderly client about the aging process includes which changes
that occur as part of the normal aging process? (select all that apply)

A. Increase in total body potassium concentration
B. Increased gastric emptying
C. Decreased muscle tone
D. Wrinkling and atrophy of the epidermis
E. Increase in peripheral resistance to blood flow

Patho NR 283 exam 1

, Patho NR 283 exam 1


F. Increased formation of autoantibodies -Correct Answer ✔A. Decreased muscle tone,
wrinkling in atrophy of the epidermis
E. increase in peripheral resistance to bloodflow
F. increased formation of auto antibodies

What else is it about the skin that protects individuals from injury and disease? -Correct
Answer ✔Pathogens can be sloughed off by mechanical means, such as falling off in
dead skin cells, coughing or sneezing, vomiting, or flushing from the urinary tract in
urine.

How might the characteristics of skin and the bodily fluids associated with it also help to
protect us from infection? -Correct Answer ✔There is a low pH on the skin and stomach
that generally inhibits microorganisms

If inflammation is considered a first responder and may be considered to be a hero, at
least when it is in a controlled state, what heroic acts may be attributed to it? How might
the swelling associated with inflammation actually help with the healing process?
Erythema and warmth at a site of injury typically cause discomfort, but how might one
take solace in the fact that the response is being initiated? -Correct Answer ✔It prevents
and/or limits infection and additional damage by initiating the influx of plasma, plasma
proteins, plasma enzymes, and the distribution of leukocytes from the blood vessels to
the injury. It recruits members of the adaptive immunity community to launch a more
specific defense against the pathogens and enhances the healing process.

What causes redness at the site of inflammation? -Correct Answer ✔Vasodilation of
arterioles from the histamine triggered by mediators or mast cells but then spasm to
stop the bleeding

What is brought to the injured site when the vasodilation occurs? -Correct Answer
✔Neutrophils, monocytes, oxygen, nutrients to dilute toxins

With vasodilation that dilates the capillaries, what lines the vessels? -Correct Answer
✔Leukocytes

How do the traveling leukocytes (neutrophils and monocytes) arrive at the tissue where
the site of the infection is present? -Correct Answer ✔The cell squeeze through the
gaps in the capillary walls to enter at the site of the infection

What does phagocytosis do at the site? -Correct Answer ✔Digests the foreign
substances cellular debris

Why is fibrinogen important at the site of injury? -Correct Answer ✔Fibrinogen
transforms into fibrin to wall off the injured area, taking the foreign substances to make
a mesh to support blood clotting and healing



Patho NR 283 exam 1

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