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NURS 236 Midterm #1 Review Study Guide Solutions

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NURS 236 Midterm #1 Review Study Guide Solutions Medically relevant MOs - Ans:-bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, multicellular animal parasites How do we distinguish between MOs - Ans:-Appearance- number/type/shape/arrangement Functioning- reproduction/diet/movement Genetic traits- DNA sequen...

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  • October 24, 2024
  • 22
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NURS 2024/2025
  • NURS 2024/2025
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NURS 236 Midterm #1 Review Study
Guide Solutions


Medically relevant MOs - Ans:✔✔-bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, multicellular animal parasites


How do we distinguish between MOs - Ans:✔✔-Appearance- number/type/shape/arrangement

Functioning- reproduction/diet/movement Genetic traits- DNA sequences


Bacteria definition - Ans:✔✔-microscopic single cell organism present everywhere by the millions


Bacteria appearance - Ans:✔✔-unicellular, prokaryotic, bacilli/cocci/spirillum in different arrangements,

cell walls made of peptidoglycan


Bacteria function - Ans:✔✔-reproduce by binary fission, some use flagella for movement, nutrition can

be environmental (inorganic chemicals & photosynthesis) or organic (living or dead organisms)


Fungus definition - Ans:✔✔-spore producing organism


Fungi appearance - Ans:✔✔-unicellular (yeast) or multicellular (molds/mushrooms), eukaryotic, most

have cell walls made of chitin




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Fugus function - Ans:✔✔-either sexual or nonsexual reproduction, nutrition from the environment

(organic matter) or from the host


Viruses definition - Ans:✔✔-obligate intracellular parasite


Virus appearance - Ans:✔✔-acellular, protein capsid, some have envelopes


Virus function - Ans:✔✔-reproduction & nutrition requires host cell machinery


Virus genetic traits - Ans:✔✔-only one type of nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA)


Protozoa appearance - Ans:✔✔-unicellular, eukaryotic, misc. grouping of organisms


Protozoa function - Ans:✔✔-flagella/pseudopods/cilia, sexual or asexual reproduction, nutrition from

environment (free living), host (parasites), and photosynthesis


Multicellular animal parasite examples - Ans:✔✔-helminths (parasitic worms) ex. roundworms

(nematodes) & flatworms (platyhelminths) and Arthropods (mosquitos/ticks/mites/fleas/lice)


Jenner 1796 - Ans:✔✔-discovered the small pox vaccine


Pasteur 1880 - Ans:✔✔-discovered fowl cholera vaccine


Study of parasites - Ans:✔✔-parasitology


Study of fungi - Ans:✔✔-mycology


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Study of the immune system - Ans:✔✔-immunology


Study of bacteria - Ans:✔✔-bacteriology


Study of viruses - Ans:✔✔-virology


Study of protozoa - Ans:✔✔-protozoology


Define emerging infectious disease - Ans:✔✔-Presence of pathogen causes disease and is transmissible

between people. Diseases have not been seen before


Define reemerging infectious disease & example - Ans:✔✔-diseases that have changed to present a new

threat or potential threat. Ex. SARS-COV2 to COVID-19


Emerging infectious disease examples - Ans:✔✔-influenza (H1N1 swine flu and H5N1 avian flu),

antibiotic resistance (Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, & tuberculosis), west Nile, bovine spongiform

encephalopathy, hemorrhagic fevers, HIV/AIDS, zoonoses, COVID 19


Define magnification - Ans:✔✔-How much larger is the image compared to the actual size of the sample.


What does magnification depend on - Ans:✔✔-the glass of the lens


Define resolution - Ans:✔✔-How far apart can 2 distinct points be distinguished


What does resolution depend on - Ans:✔✔-Depends on the glass of the lens and the wavelength of the

light
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