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Chemistry 130 Arizona College of Nursing Midterm Questions with Verified Solutions $9.99   Add to cart

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Chemistry 130 Arizona College of Nursing Midterm Questions with Verified Solutions

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Chemistry 130 Arizona College of Nursing Midterm Questions with Verified Solutions What is the atomic number of an element, and why is it important? The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus and determines the element's identity and position on the periodic table. ...

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  • October 24, 2024
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  • Chemistry 130 Arizona College of Nursing
  • Chemistry 130 Arizona College of Nursing
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Chemistry 130 Arizona College of
Nursing Midterm Questions with Verified
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What is the atomic number of an element, and why is it important?


✔✔The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus and determines the

element's identity and position on the periodic table.




How does an ionic bond form between atoms?


✔✔An ionic bond forms when one atom donates an electron to another atom, creating oppositely

charged ions that attract each other.




What is the difference between a covalent bond and an ionic bond?


✔✔A covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms, while an ionic bond

involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.




Why is water considered a polar molecule?


✔✔Water is polar because it has an uneven distribution of electrons, with oxygen being slightly

negative and hydrogen slightly positive, creating a dipole.




1

,What is the law of conservation of mass?


✔✔The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a

chemical reaction; the mass of reactants equals the mass of the products.




How does temperature affect the rate of a chemical reaction?


✔✔Increasing the temperature typically increases the rate of a chemical reaction by providing

more energy for particles to collide and react.




What is the purpose of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?


✔✔A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy without being

consumed in the process.




How do acids and bases differ in terms of hydrogen ions?


✔✔Acids donate hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution, while bases accept hydrogen ions or produce

hydroxide ions (OH⁻).




What happens when you mix an acid with a base?


✔✔When an acid and a base are mixed, they undergo a neutralization reaction, typically

producing water and a salt.

2

, What is the pH scale, and what does it measure?


✔✔The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution, indicating its acidity

or alkalinity, with a range from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic).




Why is carbon so versatile in forming compounds?


✔✔Carbon is versatile because it can form four covalent bonds, allowing it to create a wide

variety of complex molecules, including chains and rings.




What is Avogadro's number, and why is it important?


✔✔Avogadro's number is 6.022 x 10²³, representing the number of particles (atoms, molecules)

in one mole of a substance, essential for converting between atomic and macroscopic scales.




How do valence electrons determine chemical reactivity?


✔✔Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and determine how it interacts with

other atoms, particularly in forming bonds.




What is the difference between an endothermic and exothermic reaction?




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