BIOs 256: EXAM 2 all 182 Complete
Answers
BIOs 256: EXAM 2 all 182 Complete
Answers
What are nutrients? - ANSWER-any ingested chemical used for growth, repair, or
maintenance of the body
what are the six classes of nutrients? - ANSWER-carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
vitamins
minerals
water
what nutrients are micronutrients? - ANSWER-vitamins and minerals
what are the functions of sugars? [two] - ANSWER-- structural components of other
molecules [ex; nucleic acids, glycoproteins, glycolipids, ATP, and related nucleotides]
- serve as fuel [easily oxidized source of chemical energy]
what are neurons and erythrocytes dependent on? - ANSWER-carbs
what is hypoglycemia and what does it cause? - ANSWER-- deficiency of blood glucose
- causes nervous system disturbances, such as weakness and dizziness
why are carbs required in greater amounts? - ANSWER-because they oxidize quickly
what are the three principal forms of carbs - ANSWER-monosaccharides,
disaccharides, polysaccharides
what does the small intestine and liver convert? [carbs] - ANSWER-galactose and
fructose to glucose
, BIOs 256: EXAM 2 all 182 Complete
Answers
examples of disaccharides + actual food sources [eight] - ANSWER-sucrose (table
sugar)
maltose
lactose
fruits
sugar cane
sugar beets
honey
milk
examples of polysaccharides + actual food sources [six] - ANSWER-starch
glycogen
cellulose
grains
fruits
vegetables
MyPlate guidelines - ANSWER-- half fruits and veggies,
- half protein and grains
- with a small portion of dairy on the side
about how many essential nutrients cannot be made in adequate quantities by the
body? - ANSWER-45-50 essential nutrients
what represents food energy and what is it equivalent to? - ANSWER-- calorie (C)
- = 1 kilocalorie
how many calories per gram does carbs and proteins yield? - ANSWER-- 4 calories per
gram
how many calories per gram do lipids yield? - ANSWER-- 9 calories per gram
what is glucose used for, synthesized into, and required by? - ANSWER-- used for fuel
for reactions that synthesize ATP
- required by neurons and RBCs
what do polysaccharides/insoluble cellulose provide in our diet? - ANSWER-- fiber
what are saturated fats derived from? [three] - ANSWER-- animal sources
- coconut oils
- hydrogenated shortening
what are unsaturated fats derived from? - ANSWER-plants
nuts
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