DIT 121 Final Exam UPDATED Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Course
DIT 121
Institution
DIT 121
DIT 121 Final Exam UPDATED Questions
and CORRECT Answers
What are phytochemicals? Name an example and explain the benefit. - CORRECT
ANSWER- compounds found in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the
body
example: carotenoids - acts as antioxidant - may prevent some cancers...
DIT 121 Final Exam UPDATED Questions
and CORRECT Answers
What are phytochemicals? Name an example and explain the benefit. - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔compounds found in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the
body
example: carotenoids - acts as antioxidant - may prevent some cancers
Name the primary function fat soluble vitamin: A - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-promoting
vision (retinal)
-protein synthesis and cell differentiation (retinoic acid)
-supporting reproduction and regulating growth (retinol)
-maintains the health of epithelial tissues and skin (retinoic acid)
-Antioxidant in the form of beta carotene
Name the primary function fat soluble vitamin: D - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-actually a
hormone
-has binding protein that carries it to another body part to respond
-*bone growth*: assist in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus
-*tissue support*: immune system, brain, nervous system, pancreas, skin, muscle, cartilage
and reproductive organs
Name the primary function fat soluble vitamin: E - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔*-antioxidant*
-body's primary defender against the adverse effects of free radicals
>stop the chain reaction of free radicals from producing more free radicals - protects cell
membranes from destruction
-prevents the oxidation of the polyunsaturated fatty acids
-may reduce the risk of heart disease
>protects LDL again oxidation and reducing inflammation
,Name the primary function fat soluble vitamin: K - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔*-essential for
blood clotting-*
-essential for the activation of several proteins: prothrombin - made by liver as a precursor of
the protein thrombin
*-bone metabolism of proteins-*
-without vit ___ *osteocalcin* cannot bind to minerals that normally form bones
What is beta-carotene? Where do we find it? Why is it important in the diet? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔-one of the carotenoids
-orange pigment found in plants
-Vitamin A precursor
-We need vitamin A for healthy skin and mucus membranes, our immune system, and good
eye health and vision.
What is the daily recommended intake of water for adults? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-8-
12 cups a day (adults)
List the major function trace mineral:
Iron - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-Mostly found in proteins: Hemoglobin /Myoglobin
-Cofactor in oxidation/reduction reactions
-Participates in electron transport chain
-Detoxifies drugs
-Part of tissue enzymes
List the major function of trace mineral:
Zinc - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-required as a cofactor by more than 100 enzymes
-stabilizes cell membranes and DNA
-strengthens antioxidant against free radicals
-assists in immune function and growth/development
-essential to normal taste
-wound healing
-reproductive functions
, List the major function trace mineral: Chromium - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-carbohydrate
and lipid metabolism
-maintains glucose homeostasis by enhancing insulin
What is the DRI for sodium? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1,500 mg
What enhances nonheme iron absorption from plants? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-MFP
factor
-Vitamin C
-Acids
-Sugars
When is vitamin/mineral toxicity most likely to occur? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔10x
RDA
What 2 fat soluble vitamins are considered the most toxic? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Vitamin A and D
Describe the "optimum" vitamin/mineral pill. When are supplements needed? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔-No more than 100% of the DRI
-Multivitamin/mineral supplement better than single supplements
What vitamin needs an "intrinsic factor" for absorption and why? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔*Vitamin B 12*
-hydrochloric acid and digestive enzyme pepsin release vitamin b12 from the proteins it is
attached to in food
-vitamin b12 passes from the stomach to small intestine and binds to stomach secretions
What is osteoporosis? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a disease characterized by porous and
fragile bones
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