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SCN 195 Exam 2 New With Complete Solutions A+ Graded
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SCN 195 Exam 2 New With Complete Solutions A+ GradedBioethics-applies morals or values when examining conflicts at the intersection of health
law and policy
Three key questions of healthcare, public health, and bioethics are- Whether there
exists a right to health care; how public health balances rights of individuals and needs
of society; and what kind of bioethical principles is used to address the public health
issues.
Police power allows - Answer states to pass laws to protect the common good, p olice
power is limited by the rights afforded to individuals under our laws
Constitutional Law are - Answer Some are explicit, e.g., the Bill of Rights
Judicial Law means - Answer others have been inferred or granted through rulings of
Federal Courts or SCOTUS (e.g., privacy, reproductive freedom)
Statutory Law means: answer U.S. Congress and state legislators may enact laws to
create rights
Negative constitution means - Answer what is not in it, ex. The govt. has the power to
protect public health, but is not obligated to do so, ex. The Supreme Court has ruled that
states are not obligated to protect spouses and children from abuse even if the state
has evidence or a restraining order has been issued
Health Policy means - Answer part of of overall public policy that goes beyond the
individual and affects the greater community
Health in All Policies approach is - Answer private and public entities work together and
consider the health impacts of all efforts (even if not obviously related to health)
,Authoritative Decisions are made by - Answer individuals and groups that have the
power to enforce and implement those decisions
Administrative Law is - Answer federal, state and local agencies can set their own
policies and set polices to enforce existing law
Health Impact Assessments (HIAs) is - Answer a combination of procedures, methods
and tools by which a policy, program or project may be judged as to its potential effects
on the health of a population
Healthy People 2020 Goals for Community Health means-Answer increase, the quality,
availability, and effectiveness of educational and community-based programs designed
to prevent disease and injury, improve health, and enhance quality of life
Market justice vs social justice means - Answer Is there a right to have health care?
Competing philosophies about role the government and the economic market in
advancing population health behind the healthcare debates
Market justice is - Answer •Individual responsibility for health •Access to care is an
economic reward for personal effort •Benefits based on individual purchasing power
•Limited obligation to the collective good •Emphasis on individual wellbeing •Private
solutions to social problems •Rationing based on ability to pay
Social Justice Collective responsibility for health • Equal access to medical services
viewed as a basic right • Everyone is entitled to a basic package of services • Strong
obligation to the collective good • Community well-being supersedes that of the
individual • Public solutions to social problems • Planned rationing of health care
1946: Constitution of the World Health Organization is-Answer ratified by 61 United
Nations member nations on July 28th
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 by UN • Article 25-Answer "Everyone has
, the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of
his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social
services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability,
widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control".
All developed countries except the _________________and __________________have
established rights to health care and universal systems in order to provide coverage
whether public, private or combination of both - Answer United States and South Africa
The No Duty Principle Hurley v. Eddingfield, 1901 • During
complications____________________ - during childbirth, a messenger was sent to get a
doctor who refused to come even though he was not busy • The family sued the doctor
for damages • Court ruled: Licensed doctors are not obligated to accept all patients who
are in dire need of medical attention.there is no affirmative duty to be a good citizen and
help others in peril
1986: Emergency Treatment and Active Labor Act EMTALA established a right in --
Answer the emergency room of any hospital that accepts Medicare u Passed in
response to "patient dumping" - refusal to treat people or transferring or discharging
emergency patients who may need expensive care because of inability to pay or
insufficient insurance
Nuremberg Trials German citizens and military personnel prosecuted for crimes against
humanity after the end of World War II 1945 -1949 • "Doctor's Trial" specific to the
prosecution of crimes for inhuman experimentation of prisoners of in the concentration
camps
1932: The Tuskegee Experiment enrolls African American men with _________ to
understand the course of diseases - Answer syphilis
1947: The Nuremberg Code published after the "Doctors Trial" and established such
principals such as - Answer informed consent •The absence of coercion •Properly
formulated scientific experimentation •Beneficence towards experiment participants
July 1974: the National Research Act was signed into law in response to the public
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