Exam (elaborations)
Mastering biology questions Questions and Answers 2024
- Course
- Institution
Mastering biology questions
[Show more]
Content preview
Mastering biology questionsWhich of the following traits do archaeans and bacteria share?
lack of a nuclear envelope and presence of plasma membrane
lack of a nuclear envelope
composition of the cell wall
presence of plasma membrane and composition of the cell wall
composition of the cell wall and lack of a nuclear envelope - answer lack of a nuclear
envelope and presence of plasma membrane
Which character separates bacteria from archaea?
Bacteria are unicellular.
Bacteria have circular chromosomes.
Bacteria do not have a nuclear envelope.
Bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell wall. - answerBacteria have peptidoglycan in
their cell wall.
(This is a key distinguishing feature between bacteria and archaea.)
What is the best evidence that all life evolved from prokaryotic rather than eukaryotic
ancestors?
Bacteria are unicellular.
The oldest fossil form of life known is prokaryotic.
Prokaryotes possess peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
Prokaryotes possess flagella. - answerThe oldest fossil form of life known is
prokaryotic.
(Prokaryotes appear 3.5 BYA whereas eukaryotes do not appear until 1.75 BYA.)
Which of the following describe all existing bacteria?
pathogenic, omnipresent, morphologically diverse
tiny, ubiquitous, metabolically diverse
small, harmful, fast-growing
extremophiles, tiny, abundant
morphologically diverse, metabolically diverse, extremophiles - answertiny, ubiquitous,
metabolically diverse
Which group was not described in Woese's tree of life analysis?
Archaea
Eukarya
Prokarya
, Bacteria - answerProkarya
Prokarya was not one of the groups described in Woese's tree of life analysis.
What characteristics were used to classify organisms before Woese's tree of life
analysis?
Differences in ribosomal RNA sequences
Number of cells in the organism
Composition of the cell wall
Presence of a membrane-bound nucleus - answerPresence of a membrane-bound
nucleus
Before the tree of life analysis, organisms were classified as prokaryotes if they lacked a
membrane-bound nucleus or eukaryotes if they possessed a membrane-bound nucleus.
True or false? Data showing that the Bacteria were the first lineage to diverge from the
common ancestor of all living organisms suggest that the Archaea and Eukarya are
more closely related to each other than they are to the Bacteria.
True
False - answerTrue
Which of the following statements about phylogenetic trees is true?
A paraphyletic group has not experienced lateral gene transfer.
A paraphyletic group consists of a common ancestor and some of its descendants.
A paraphyletic group consists of an ancestral population and all of its descendants.
A monophyletic group consists of a common ancestor and some of its descendants. -
answerA paraphyletic group consists of a common ancestor and some of its
descendants.
This statement is true; the common characteristics of a paraphyletic group may have
arisen from lateral gene transfer to some, but not all, lineages.
Which molecule did Carl Woese study to produce his tree of life?
DNA
Messenger RNA
Ribosome
Ribosomal RNA - answerRibosomal RNA
Ribosomal RNA was the molecule used to produce Woese's phylogeny because it
evolves slowly and is critical to the function of the ribosome, which serves the same
function in all three domains in the tree of life.
What is lateral gene transfer?
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller julianah420. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67163 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now