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SCN1111 - Blood. Questions And Correct Answers
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SCN1111 - Blood. Questions And Correct AnswersTransport function of the blood - Answer · O2 from lungs & nutrients from the digestive
tract ⇒ body cells
· Metabolic waste ⇒ sites of elimination e.g. CO2 to lungs
· Hormones ⇒ target organs.
Regulation function of the blood - Answer Maintains body temperature - heat is
absorbed & distributed around body and to surface of the skin.
Maintains pH in body tissues - blood protein & other bloodborne solutes act as buffers to
sudden or extreme changes in blood pH.
Maintains fluid volume in the circulatory system - blood proteins prevent excessive fluid
loss from the bloodstream into the tissue spaces.
- Consequently, the fluid volume in the blood vessels remains sufficient to maintain
adequate blood flow to all parts of the body.
Protective function of blood? · Prevent Blood Loss (protein & platelets used for clotting)
· Prevent infection (carries antibodies & leukocytes)
Describe the physical characteristics of whole blood. · Specialised connective tissue
formed in red bone marrow.
· Stick, opaque and metallic tasting.
· Colour: Oxygen-rich blood: scarlet & oxygen-poor blood: deep red.
Describe the composition and physical characteristics of whole blood. · Plasma:
non-living
, · Formed elements : living components. 2 parts: [<1%] Buffy coat : Leukocytes &
Platelets & [45%] Erythrocytes : Red blood.
Composition & functions of plasma. - Answer · Specialised connective tissue formed red
bone marrow.
· Function : immunity, blood clotting, maintaining blood pressure, blood volume, and pH
balance in the body.
· Composition: 90% water, proteins (Albumin & globulins), clotting factors, non-proteins,
nutrients, electrolytes, gases & other (enzymes, antigens, antibodies, hormones)
Describe the structure of erythrocytes - Answer · Biconcave shape
· Incomplete cell.
· No nucleus or organelles
· Contain haemoglobin
· A lifespan of about 120 days
What benefits to Erythrocyte's shape? - Answer · increased surface-to-volume ratio
· cytoplasm close to the membrane
· able to squeeze through small vessel
Function of erythrocytes - Answer · Transport oxygen - picks up O from lung capillaries
and releases to tissue cells across the body
· Remove carbon dioxide - transports to lungs
· Maintain pH
How are Erythrocytes formed? - Answer · Formed in red bone marrow, under the control
of Erythropoietin, come from hematopoietic stem cells
Describe the composition of haemoglobin. - Answer · 4 Heme groups - red pigment
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