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HLTH 314 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE RATED A.
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HLTH 314 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE RATED A.
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HLTH 314 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDECOMPLETE RATED A.
Requirements for OSHA employees
✔✔File a confidence complaint.
Receive information and training.
Receive copies of work related injuries.
Participate in a OSHA inspection.
File a complaint if one is retaliated by saying these things.
Common types of injury in children:
✔✔Falls, burns. Sports-related injuries, motor vehicle crashes, drowning,
house fires.
Common types on injury in older adults:
✔✔Falls, motor vehicle accidents, suicide, (fires)
Risk factors for falls, Motor vehicle injuries, and Suicide in older adults
✔✔Medication.
Loneliness.
Weakened immune system.
Impaired vision.
Aggressive drivers.
Environmental.
Biologica., Behavioral
Biological (poor vision),
,medical (any disease or disability like arthritis, mental condition, glasses,
narcotics),
behavioral (slowed reflexes, do not drive at night),
environmental (snow on roads, night, road construction),
socioeconomic status (older car that isn't as safe as a new vehicle).
R0:
✔✔R0=cβ/γ It is the number of infected individuals one person is
expected to infect when they are infectious. C= average number of
contacts per day, β= probability that any given contact of S with I leads to
transmission of the disease from I to S, γ= probability that an infectious
person recovers on any given day.
Agent:
✔✔pathogen that can be spread through direct contact, person-to-
person, droplets, personal belongings, vehicle, insects, animals, and the
environment.
Host:
✔✔where the agent invades
Environment:
✔✔influences agents by temperature
Herd Immunity:
✔✔form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a
large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection,
,thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not
immune.
10 Modes of infection transmission:
✔✔airborne
water-borne
fecal-oral
vector-borne
fomite
perinatal
animal bites
sexual
food-borne blood-borne
Epidemic:
✔✔period of time with higher than normal incidence rate but over a
broad geographic region
Pandemic:
✔✔epidemic that is being transmitted worldwide
Endemic:
✔✔refers to a region where there is baseline incidence rate
, Outbreak:
✔✔outbreak is higher than expected incidence rate tied to geographic
focal point
HIV
✔✔human immunodeficiency virus
Modes of Transmission: HIV
✔✔Sexual, Perinatal, Needles, blood transfusions
HIV Typical symptoms:
✔✔1. Acute HIV= influenza symptoms, rash, joint pain, fatigue. 2.
Chronic HIV/Latency Period= little to no symptoms. 3. AIDS= defining
illnesses (two types of fungal pneumonia- pneumocystis and
Cryptococcus) weight loss, fever, and night sweats.
HIV Infects:
✔✔CD4+ cells and it weakens the immune system. Pathogens can infect
easier and people are more susceptible to other diseases.
Demographic and Behavioral Risk Factors: HIV
✔✔African Americans, homosexual men, I.V. drug users, high-risk
heterosexual sex
Drug Treatments: HIV
✔✔NRTIs cause reverse transcript phase, inhibit activity of reverse
transcriptase, a viral DNA polymerase that is required for replication of
HIV and other retroviruses. HAART uses three drugs (zidovudine,
lamivudine, and indinavir)
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