PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE Huether TEST BANK
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, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE Huether TEST BANK ggq ggq ggq ggq ggq ggq
CHAPTER 1: CELLULAR BIOLOGY GGQ GGQ GGQ
MULTIPLE CHOICE ggq
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
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a. Cells can produce proteins.
ggq c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
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b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d.
ggq Cells can synthesize fats.
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ANS: ggq C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances
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from theirsurroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their
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descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
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2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:
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a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome ggq ggq g g q
ANS: ggq C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of
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RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the
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histones, which regulate its activity. The other options do not contain most of
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a cell’s genetic information.
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3. Which component of the cell prodNuU
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peroxide (H2O2) by using
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oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
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reaction?
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a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes g g q
ANS: ggq B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen
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to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that
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,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 9TH EDITION MCCANCE Huether TEST BANK ggq ggq ggq ggq ggq ggq
produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it
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accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein
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complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted
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into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
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complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi
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complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which
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catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
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Oxyhydrosomesare involved in enzyme production.
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PTS: ggq ggq g g q 1 REF: g g q Page 8 ggq
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released
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during cellinjury?
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a. Ribosome c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum ggq ggq
b. Golgi complex ggq d. Lysosomes
g g q
ANS: ggq D
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The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful
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digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
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leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
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treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
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which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
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digestion. The other options do not correctly describe thisprocess.
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5. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by
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ggq the pancreascells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell?
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a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus,
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proceeds to theribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a
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secretory vesicle to the cell membrane.
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b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds
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to the lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated
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membrane to the cellmembrane.
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c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds
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to the ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to
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the cell membrane.
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d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds
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to the Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to
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the cell membrane.
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ANS: ggq A
The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to
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the ribosomefor synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the
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cell membrane. The other options do not correctly describe this process.
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6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
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a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M g g q
ANS: ggq B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are:
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which is the period between the M phase (M =
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synthesis; (2) the S phase(S = synthesis), during
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the cell nucleus; (3) the G2 phase, during which
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