LPL Review Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Individual constants - Answers Symbols that are used to refer to fixed individual objects
Determinate property - Answers A property for which there is a definite fact of the matter whether or not the object has that property
Atomic sentence - Answers A ...
Individual constants - Answers Symbols that are used to refer to fixed individual objects
Determinate property - Answers A property for which there is a definite fact of the matter whether or
not the object has that property
Atomic sentence - Answers A sentence formed by a predicate followed by the right number of names
Ex. Taller (Claire, max) or Cube(a)
Prefix notion - Answers The predicate precedes the arguement
Infix notation - Answers When the two required names are on either side of the predicate
A=B
Claim - Answers A claim is a description of a state of affairs
Claims are either true or false
Each atomic sentence of FOL must express a claim that is either true or false
atomic sentence - Answers a sentence formed from names and predicated.
A relation is expressed by a predicate with two or more places to put names to make an atomic
sentence.
arguement - Answers a combination of claims one of which is its conclusion and the others of which are
its premises
A1
A2
A3
---
C
premises = claims doing the supporting
conclusion = claims that are eing supported
What makes an arguement logically valid? - Answers An arguement is logically valid if and only if there is
no possible way that the premises could all be true but the conclusion not true
, If an arguement is logically valid, the conclusion is a ________ - Answers logical consequence of the
premises
ex.
Left of (a,b)
-----
~Right of (a,b)
the second sentence is a logical consequence of the first
Does the conclusion of a logically valid arguement have to be true? - Answers No. If one of the premises
is false,the conclusion does not have to be true.
What makes an arguement logically sound? - Answers An arguement is logically sound if and only if it is
logically valid and its pemises are all true
Does the conclusion of a logicall sound arguement have to be true? - Answers yes because the pemises
must all be true
What is the role of a proof? - Answers A proof shows that an arguement is logically valid
How do yu show an arguement is logically invalid? - Answers exhibit a set of possible circumstances in
which all oits premises would be true but its conclusion would not be true.
What is a proof? - Answers A proof is a step-by-step demonstration that a conclusion follows from some
premises
What is the Indiscernibility of Identicals? - Answers = Elim: If b = c then whatever holds of B holds of C.
What is the Reflexivity of Identity? - Answers = Intro: Sentences of the form b = b are always true (in
FOL)
What is the Symmetry of Identity? - Answers If b = c then c = b
What is the Transivitty of Identity? - Answers If a = b and b = c then a = c
What is Identity Introduction? - Answers A rule in Fitch that allows you to introduce n in use in the
proof, the assertion n = n
(= Intro)
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