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Summary Management & Organisation 1
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Management and Organisation 1 contains information about the different schools of thought, the types of organisational structures, how they operate and much more.
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MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATION, WEEK ONE
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?
An organization is group of people working together in a coordinated
way to achieve a shared goal.
Organisational management = organisation behaviour
Organisational behaviour is an interdisciplinary (relating to more than
one branch of knowledge) science that studies the behaviour of
organisation and the factors that determine this behaviour and
identifies how organisations can be managed most effectively.
Organisational behaviour contains both descriptive and prescriptive
aspects.
Description refers to “what has happened?”.
Prescription refers to “what should the business do the fix it?”.
, HISTORY OF MANAGEMENT
PRE-INDUSTRIAL ERA
It started with the old philosophers (Plato, Socrates) in 400BC
Machiavelli (1469 – 1527), philosopher, diplomat and writer,
–Book: ‘Il Principe (The Prince)’ presented guidelines for preserving and
expanding power.
Mercantilism stated that a nation’s wealth was based on gold, so
nations should export more to build reserves for war.
Adam Smith (1723 – 1790), seen as the founder of modern economic
thought,
–Book: ‘An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations’
stated that productive work is the source of prosperity, and effective
division of work tasks leads to increased productivity
PRE-CLASSICAL ERA
Systematic management
Employees + managers = organisational effectiveness
, Robert Owen & Charles Babbage
Focus on process rather than result
CLASSICAL ERA
Scientific management
F.W.Taylor (Frederick Winslow Taylor)
Employees = economic beings
Standardized procedures
Tight control
Bureaucratic management
Max Webber
Division of labour
Hierarchy
HUMAN RELATIONS
Elton Mayo
Employees motivation & emotion
Social factors at work
Douglas McGregor (theory X and Y)
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
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