Penn Foster Veterinary Pharmacology Final
Exam Questions And Answers 100%
Graded A+.
Distinguish between hormonal, endocrine, and reproductive drugs - correct answer.
Describe how drugs affect the nervous system - correct answer. Drugs affect the
nervous system by acting at the synaptic junctions to promote neurotransmitter's
activity, mimic their actions, or block them from acting.
Identify examples of respiratory drugs - correct answer. Expectorants, mucolytics,
antitussives, bronchodilators, decongestants
List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation - correct answer.
NSAIDs, Opioids, Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids, nerve blocks
Summarize the difference between ophthalmic and otic drugs - correct answer.
Compare and contrast cardiovascular and gastrointestinal drugs - correct answer.
Describe how antiparasitic drugs work - correct answer. Antiparasitic drugs work by
destroying parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most work by interfering with the
parasite's nervous system to prevent them from moving.
Discuss why replacement drugs are often necessary for animal health - correct answer.
Explain the veterinary technician's role in inventory control - correct answer. keeping
the staff informed regarding discontinued items, knowing the dates on which
backordered items will be released from the vendor, packing up goods awaiting return
to the vendor (e.g., expired items), rotating stock correctly, maintaining current prices on
all products, organizing inventory for ease of location and counting, receiving and
inspecting orders on arrival at the veterinary facility, and learning about new products.
,Define: Agonist - correct answer. Drug that has affinity for a receptor/stimulates
receptor into action
Define: Contraindication - correct answer. A reason not to use a drug in a particular
situation
Define: Efficacy - correct answer. the degree to which a drug produces its desired
response.
Define: Over-the-counter drug - correct answer. One that may be purchased without
prescription from a veterinarian
Define: Prescription Drug - correct answer. One that must be used under the
supervision of a veterinarina
Define: Receptor - correct answer. a group of specialized molecules on or in a cell
that bind with a drug to produce an effect
Define: Therapeutic Index - correct answer. expresses the relationship between a
drug's therapeutic and harmful effects
Define: Withdrawl Time - correct answer. Amount of time that must elapse between
the end of drug therapy and elimination of that drug from patients tissues or products
Define: Veterinarian-client-patient relationship - correct answer. Relationship that
must exist between the vet, the patient, and the owner before prescription drugs can be
dispensed.
List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med - correct answer. Animal product, plant
material, minerals, synthetic products
What are 4 components of a drug regimen? - correct answer. Dose, route,
frequency, and duration of administration.
Discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian-client-patient
relationship can be shown to exist - correct answer. 1.vet must assume
responsibility for making clinical judgments in relation to health of the animal.
2. Vet must have recently seen the animal and be acquainted with it's care.
3.Vet must be available for follow-up care of the animal
Discuss the responsibilities of a vet tech in the administration of drug orders - correct
answer. To carry out the vet's orders correctly. should read the drug label three times
to ensure proper drug is being administered and should take care to administer correct
dose by correct route. Should be aware of the expected affects and potential adverse
side effects and be able to monitor the patient.
,Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from administration to excretion
- correct answer. Drug is absorbed (or placed directly) into the bloodstream, the
drug may bind with plasma in the blood or may exist in free state, circulating blood
distributes drug to capillary level where it leaves circulation and enters interstitial fluid. it
bathes the cell and allows drug to bind to cell surface receptors or enter the cell. It then
exits the cell and moves back into interstitial fluid, reenters circulation, and is
transported to liver for metabolism. The metabolite is then transported to kidneys for
excretion.
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient. - correct answer. Oral,
subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intracardiac,
intramedullary, inhalation, topical, intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - correct answer. Method of
absorption, pH of the drug and ionization status, absorptive surface area, blood supply
to area, solubility of drug, dosage form, status of GI tract, and interactions with other
drugs
Most biotransformation occurs in the_____ - correct answer. Liver
Most drug excretion occurs via the ______ - correct answer. Kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular_____ - correct
answer. Receptors
The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive property of that company
is called - correct answer. Trade/Proprietary Name
What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label? - correct answer. names
(generic and trade) concentration, quantity, name and address of manufacturer, control
or lot number, expiration date
What are three government agencies that regulate the development, approval, and use
of animal health products? - correct answer. FDA, EPA, USDA
Why do many vet clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they
use? - correct answer. Profit earned from selling products
Describe the marketing of animal health products - correct answer. Purchased from
manufacturers, distributors, or generic mail order companies. May be sold only one
label to graduate veterinarians and under another as over-the-counter
all FDA-approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication entitled_____ - correct
answer. The Green Book
, What is the purpose of FARAD? - correct answer. Provides resources concerning
the avoidance of drug residues in animals
Extralabel veterinary drug use was made legal (under prescribed circumstances) by
what act of congress? - correct answer. Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act
(AMDUCA)
Define Compounding - correct answer. Diluting or combingin existing drugs
What are potential dangers of residues in animal products - correct answer. May
cause allergic reaction or neoplasia in people, may cause the development of antibiotic-
resistant strains of bacteria
List 3 classes of drug interactions - correct answer. Pharmacodynamic,
pharmacokinetic, and pharmaceutic
Drug interaction can be anticipated when two drugs are given that are both metabolized
by the_____ - correct answer. Liver
Define: Ethical Product - correct answer. one sold only through veterinarians as a
policy of the manufacturer rather than by FDA requirement
Once a drug has been biotransformed, it is called a_____ - correct answer.
Metabolite
A reason to use a drug is a(n)_____ - correct answer. Indication
Diagnostic method of choosing a drug is based on all of the following except
a. Practical experience
b. Assesment of the patient
c. Obtaining a history
d. Performing lab tests - correct answer. A. Practical experience.
Define: extralabel - correct answer. Using a drug in a way not specified by the label
Complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered is called____ -
correct answer. Pharmacokinetics
Parenteral drugs are administered________ - correct answer. by injections.
The body's ability to change a drug chemically from the form in which it was
administered into a form that can be eliminated from the body is called_____ - correct
answer. Metabolism (biotransformation)
Degree to which a drug produces its desired response in a patient is called________ -
correct answer. efficacy
