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Urinalysis and Body Fluid Practicum Questions With Solutions
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Urinalysis and Body Fluid Practicum Questions With Solutions Urine dipstick methodology: Bilirubin *Diazo reaction* Urine dipstick methodology: Urobilinogen *Ehrlich's aldehyde reaction* Urine dipstick methodology: Nitrite *Aromatic amine, Griess reaction* (associate with bacteria) Urine dip...

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  • October 26, 2024
  • 34
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • Urinalysis and Body Fluids
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Urinalysis and Body Fluid Practicum
Questions With Solutions

Urine dipstick methodology: Bilirubin *Diazo reaction*




Urine dipstick methodology: Urobilinogen *Ehrlich's aldehyde reaction*




Urine dipstick methodology: Nitrite *Aromatic amine, Griess reaction* (associate with

bacteria)




Urine dipstick methodology: Ketone *Nitroprusside reagent*




Urine dipstick methodology: Blood *Pseudoperoxidase* activity of hemoglobin




Urine dipstick methodology: Leukocyte Azo dye reaction




Urine confirmatory methodology: Clinitest Glucose confirmatory test *(Copper

reduction)*

, Urinalysis and Body Fluid Practicum
Questions With Solutions
Urine confirmatory methodology: Acetest *Ketone* confirmatory test




Urine confirmatory methodology: Ictotest Bilirubin confirmatory test




Urinary markers: Inulin: *exogenous*, ideal marker for GFR




Creatinine: *endogenous*, clearance is used to calculate GFR




Urea: *exogenous*




Radionucleotides: *endogenous*




Beta microglobulin: *exogenous*




Creatinine clearance calculation: Clearance = *(urinary creatinine x volume) / (plasma

creatinine)*

-C = UV/P

-Make sure urine volume is for 24 hours

, Urinalysis and Body Fluid Practicum
Questions With Solutions

Surface area correction:

-(UV/P) x (1.73/surface area)




Urea: Ammonia product of protein breakdown




Secreted/reabsorbed




Crystals in Acid Urine (pathogenic): Amorphous urates




Uric acid crystals (football)




Calcium oxalate (pyramids, dumbbells)




Crystals in Alkaline Urine: Amorphous phosphates




Triple phosphate (coffin)

, Urinalysis and Body Fluid Practicum
Questions With Solutions

Calcium phosphate (needles)




Calcium carbonate (circle with radial striation)




Ammonium biurate (thorny apple)




Beta microglobulin: Used to see *kidney transplant rejection* in urine or *multiple

myeloma* in CSF




Renin: Produced by juxtaglomerular apparatus




Renin → angiotensin → aldosterone




Released in response to *low blood pressure* to *reabsorb Na* and *excrete K*




Antidiuretic hormone (ADH): Regulates water

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