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IC & RC Exam CAADC WITH 100- SURE ANSWERS
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IC & RC Exam CAADC WITH 100- SURE ANSWERS
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EUNICEIC & RC Exam CAADC WITH 100% SURE ANSWERS
Terms in this set (224)
Any substance that enters the human boxy and can change either the function or
Drug structure of the human organism. This includes such items as foods, vitamins,
nutrients, minerals and the like.
A chemical substance that not only can change the function and structure of the
Psychoactive Drug body, but also changes one's thinking, feelings, perceptions and behavior. These
changes are the result of the drug's action on the human brain.
Psychoactive drugs that slow down central nervous system function, relax or
Depressant
tranquilize the person, and may produce sleep.
Psychoactive drugs - powerful painkillers, analgesics that also produce pleasurable
feelings and generally induce sleep.
derived from naturally occurring substances or manufactured synthetically; cause
sedation and euphoria by causing depression of CNS; used to medically relieve pain,
Narcotics
suppress cough and control diarrhea
overdose can cause death by respiratory depression
can cause physical/psychological dependence; impairs ability to drive; damage
developing fetus; linked with the spread of AIDS due to the use of needles
Psychoactive drugs - chemical substances that generally speed up central nervous
Stimulants
system function, resulting in alertness and excitability.
Psychoactive drugs - also called mind expanders or psychedelics, these drugs affect
Hallucinogens a person's perception, awareness and emotions, and can cause hallucinations as well
as misinterpretations of reality.
Psychoactive drugs - volatile non drug chemical solvents that have drug-like effects
when inhaled. It includes commercial solvents (gasoline, toluene, acetone, carbon
Inhalants
tetrachloride), aerosols (freon, amyl nitrite, butyl nitrite), and anesthetics (chloroform,
ether and nitrous oxide).
A chronic, progressive, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive use of one or
Addiction more substances that results in physical, psychological, or social harm to the
individual and continued use of the substance or substances despite this harm
A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors
influencing its development and manifestations. It is often progressive and fatal. It is
Alcoholism characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug
alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking,
most noticeable denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic.
Abstinence Refraining from the use of alcohol or other drugs
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, The use or consumption of a drug within some socially prescribed or ritualistic
Drug Use
context
The unintentional or inappropriate use of prescribed or non-prescribed drugs
Drug Misuse resulting in the impaired physical, mental, emotional or social well-being of the
individual
The deliberate use of chemical substance for reasons other than their intended
medical purposes which result in any degree of physical, mental, emotional or social
Drug Abuse
impairment of the user, user's family, or society in general. It involves using illegal as
well as legal, 'recreational' drugs that lead to problems.
Psychological and/or physical need for a drug, characterized by compulsive use,
tolerance to the drug, and physical dependence manifest by withdrawal syndrome.
Since some drugs do not show identifiable signs of withdrawal (e.g. marijuana), or if
Drug Dependence
the signs of withdrawal are often misinterpreted as something else (e.g. cocaine,
stimulants), a drug can be viewed as creating dependence if it produces euphoria in
the user, and if as a result of that euphoria, it creates a pattern of self-reinforced use.
A state of progressively decreasing responsiveness to a drug's effects. In other
Tolerance words, a condition that requires the user to take more and more of a drug to get the
same, desired effect.
A state in which the presence of the drug is required for the user to function
Physical Dependence normally. The body has adapted to the presence of the drug and the body views this
as normal and necessary.
Drastic and characteristic changes in physical functioning and behavior (insomnia,
tremors, nausea, vomiting, cramps, elevation of heart rate and blood pressure,
convulsions, anxiety, psychological depression) due to over-excitation of the
nervous system. These effects are observed or experienced when the user stops
Withdrawal
taking, or the use of a drug is significantly decreased (in which physical dependence
upon the drug has developed). There is a craving for the drug when one is abstinent,
and these symptoms are relieved when the drug is again taken. Also referred to as
the Abstinence Syndrome or Withdrawal Syndrome.
Relapse The return to substance use after a period of abstinence.
This refers to the method a drug is taken; has a direct impact on the intensity and
Routes of Administration
speed in which a drug has its effect.
A drug is taken into the mouth, where it passes into the stomach. In the stomach,
absorption begins, with the process continuing in the small intestines. Once
Oral absorbed into the bloodstream, the drug makes its way to all body parts. Drugs
taken in this way generally take 20 to 30 minutes to have their effect. Some of the
drug's effectiveness is lost by this route of administration.
A drug is inhaled (by smoking) directly into the lung. In the lung, the alveoli (air sacs)
absorb the drug and move into the capillary system in the lungs. From there the drug
Inhalation
passes into the heart and then to the brain. Drugs taken in this way generally take
only 7 seconds to have their effect.
A drug is injected directly into a vein, where it travels to the lungs, heart and brain.
Intravenous No other absorption is required. Drugs taken in this way take approximately 14
seconds to have their effects.
A drug is inhaled into the nasal cavity, where it is absorbed in the mucous lining of
the cavity. It is then absorbed by the capillary system in the nose, travels through the
Intranasal
veins, then to the lungs, heart and brain. Drugs taken in this way take from one to
three minutes to have their effect.
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