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HCC III Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025 $11.49   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

HCC III Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025

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HCC III Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025 Guiding principles of pain management - ANSWERS- Pain is what the pt. says it is. - State of physical ease, relief from discomfort. - Pain appears differently for some pt., physical manifestations may not be the same for all pt.s Narcotics;...

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  • October 27, 2024
  • 46
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • HCC III
  • HCC III
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HCC III Final Exam Questions & Answers
2024/2025

Guiding principles of pain management - ANSWERS- Pain is what the pt. says it is.

- State of physical ease, relief from discomfort.

- Pain appears differently for some pt., physical manifestations may not be the same for all pt.s



Narcotics; Examples - ANSWERS- Hydromophone (Dilaudid)

- Hydrocodone

- Fentanyl (Duragesic)

- Oxycodone

- Methadone



Narcotics: SE - ANSWERS- Respiratory depression

- Sedation

- Nausea/Vomiting

- Constipation (give stool softeners)



narcotic reversal agent - ANSWERSNaloxone (Narcan)



Narcotic: OD signs - ANSWERS- Small constricted "pinpoint pupils"

- sedation

- Nausea and vomitting

- Loss of consciousness

- Slow, shallow breath

- choking or gurgling sounds

- limp body,

,- pale, or blue, or cold skin



Narcotic withdrawal symptoms - ANSWERS- Abdominal cramping

- Diarrhea

- Restlessness

- Agitation



Non-Narcotic; Examples - ANSWERSAcetaminophen

- Max dose 3000 mg, higher doses cause hepatotoxicity.

- Used in conjunction with opioids



NSAID; ibuprofen, Naproxen, Ketoralac, Celebrax.

SE; gastric ulceration, bleeding risk, and CV diseased > 60 years. Renal and ototoxicity considerations



Antidepressants; Treat Pain - ANSWERS- TCAs

- SNRI

- Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

- Venlafaxine (Effexor); used for neuropathic pain



Anticonvulsants; Treat Pain - ANSWERSGabapentic and Pregabalin used for neuro pain



Muscle relaxants; Treat Pain - ANSWERS- Baclofen (Liorseal)

- Dantrolene Sodium (Dantrium)

- Diazepam (Valium)



Ketamine; Treat Pain - ANSWERSPrevents pain via ascending pathways



PCA (Patient Controlled Analgesia) - ANSWERS- Drug in pump self- administered by pt.

- Not to be pushed by anyone but pt.

,-Limits in place and monitored by pump.

- Pt. must be cognitively and physically able to administer

-Variety of drugs can be used, most commonly Morphine or Dilaudid.



PCA; Risks - ANSWERSRisk of respiratory depression, and needs to be continuously monitored.



- Pulse ox

- Capnography: measurement of respiratory rate and concentration of exhaled carbon dioxide.



POSS Scale - ANSWERSA POSS score of S, 1, or 2 indicates an acceptable level of sedation



Ascore of 3 or 4 indicates over-sedation and the need for a reversal agent.



Actual Loss - ANSWERSCan be recognized by others

- E.g.: death of a loved one.



Perceived Loss - ANSWERSFelt by person but intangible to others

- E.g: relocation to a nursing home



Physical loss/Psychological loss - ANSWERSAmputation; Colostomy



Situational Loss - ANSWERSExperienced as a result of an unpredictable event

E.g.; Job loss, financial loss, natural disaster



Anticipatory Loss - ANSWERSLoss not yet taken but impending overwhelming loss effect

E.g.: Terminal disease of a loved one, experienced by the patient, family, and friends.



Complicated Grief - ANSWERSGrief not diminished, prolonged, interferes with life.

, E.g.: Loss of a child, lasting longer than expected experienced when not having worked through the grief
work.



Perinatal Loss - ANSWERSNewborn death



Rando Theory of Grief - ANSWERSRecognize, React, Recollect and Re-experience, Relinquish, Readjust,
Reinvest



Therapeutic communication methods nurse-patient - ANSWERSFrom Article;

- Ask-tell-ask

- Invitation to group/family to discuss emotions and medical situation.



Nurse Statments - ANSWERS- Name the emotion

- Understand the emotion

- Respect what the pt. tells you

- Support the pt.

- Explore the pt.s emotions



Silence Presence; Per Taylor - ANSWERS- Silence

- Therapuetic Touch

- Active Listening

- Humor

- Open-ended Questions

- Assertive Behavior and communication when needed.



avulsion fracture - ANSWERSfragment of bone chipped away from the main bone



communuted fracture - ANSWERSBone shattered into more than two pieces.; Requires significant force.

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