NURS125: Pharmacology in Nursing Practice I - Exam 3
Questions With Complete Solutions
Conversions to know for med math Correct Answer 1 tsp = 5
mL
1 oz = 30 mL
Describe the action of NSAIDs - COX-2 Inhibitors. Correct
Answer Inhibits COX-2
Little to no effect on GI & platelet function
Describe the action of NSAIDs - Salicylates. Correct Answer
Binds to COX-1 & COX-2 → changes their structure & prevents
formation of prostaglandins
-> Inhibition of enzyme prolonged in platelets, suppressing
platelet aggregation
Describe the action of NSAIDs. Correct Answer Inhibits
cyclooxygenase (COX), key enzyme in biosynthesis of
prostaglandins (control contraction and relaxation of smooth
muscle)
-> COX-1: ↓ gastric acid secretion, promotes renal blood flow,
regulates smooth muscle tone in blood vessels & bronchi
(present in all tissues ad serves protective functions)
-> COX-2: promotes inflammation (formed only after tissue
injury)
Describe the action of opioid agonists. Correct Answer Bind
with kappa & mu receptor sites → analgesia
,Think sorority receptors: kappa and mu are the most important
opioid receptors
Describe the action of opioid antagonists. Correct Answer
Blocks kappa & mu receptors, thus opioid activity
Work AGAINST sorority receptors
Describe the actions of nonopioid analgesics. Correct Answer
Direct action on heat-regulating center of hypothalamus (works
to get rid of heat from fever) → sweating, peripheral
vasodilation, & dissipation of heat
Block peripheral pain impulses by inhibiting prostaglandin
synthesis
Describe the administration of antibiotics for H. Pylori. Correct
Answer 10- to 14-day course of two concurrently used
antibiotics combined with a proton pump inhibitor or bismuth
compound (peptobismol)
-> ↑ effectiveness of therapy & ↓ potential for bacterial
resistance
**Triple therapy with 2 AB's because of antibiotic resistance
Describe the uses of NSAIDs - Salicylates. Correct Answer
Fever & mild to moderate inflammation/pain
Prevent/treat cardiovascular conditions (i.e. CVA & MI)
-> Either 81- or 325-mg strengths appear beneficial
, For what circumstances are opioid antagonists used? Correct
Answer Complete/partial reversal of symptoms from opioid
toxicity, overdose, & addiction (i.e. respiratory depression or
sedation)
Diagnostic purposes (if administration doesn't fix signs and
symptoms, overdose wasn't from opioids. This isn't harmful to
patient)
For what kind of pain are opioids used? Correct Answer
Moderate to severe pain
How does Methadone (oral opioid) help a patient with opioid
dependence discontinue the drug? Correct Answer Does not
cure dependence but eases opioid withdrawal & prevents
abstinence syndrome
Therapy continues until patient enters a total withdrawal
treatment program
**Does not cause the same degree of euphoria as injectable
opioids
How is a patient with opioid dependence discontinued from the
drug? Correct Answer Patient experiences about 7 days of
withdrawal symptoms before overcoming physical dependence
Intense craving of psychological dependence for many months
& even years
-> Behavior returns without significant support groups
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