Psych 200: Exam 1 (PRACTICE PROBLEMS) Questions and Answers 2024
Update 100% Solved
"All other things being equal, the simplest solution is the best." Which principle does this describe?
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a. evidence-based treatment
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b. translational research
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c. parsimony
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d. weight of the evidence - (correct answer) -parsimony
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Daniel's teacher tells him that his theory about dating is not strong because it is not falsifiable. What does she mean by this?
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a. Daniel's theory cannot be disproven.
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b. Daniel's theory is too complicated.
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c. Daniel's theory has already been put forth by another psychologist.
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d. Daniel's theory has already been tested, and the evidence did not support the theory. - (correct answer) -Daniel's theory
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cannot be disproven
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Dimitri is interested in understanding the effects of sleep deprivation on short-term memory. Which of the following is an
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empirical approach Dimitri could take to answer this question?
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a. He could consider his own experiences with sleep and memory.
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b. He could design and execute a study that measures short-term memory function following different amounts of sleep.
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c. He could ask his psychology teacher for his opinion on the effects of sleep deprivation on short-term memory.
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d. He could watch several movies about sleep deprivation and make a strong, logical argument about the effects of sleep
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deprivation on short-term memory, based on the films. - (correct answer) -He could design and execute a study that
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measures short-term memory function following different amounts of sleep.
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Franchesca read about Mrazek et al.'s (2013) study in which students scored higher on the GRE after completing a 2-week
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mindfulness training course. Franchesca is interested in the idea that practicing mindfulness improves the ability to control
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one's mind from wondering. She decides to conduct a similar study in which she has students practice either mindfulness or
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read and then take a test of attention. Franchesca predicts that, in line with the original study, students who had practiced
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mindfulness would perform better on the attention test. She runs the study and finds that the results match her prediction.
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Franchesca writes up her experiment and submits it to a journal to be evaluated by fellow scientists for publication. What is
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this process called?
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a. applied research
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b. the peer-review process
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c. the theory-data cycle
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d. journal to journalism - (correct answer) -the peer-review process
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Franchesca read about Mrazek et al.'s (2013) study in which students scored higher on the GRE after completing a 2-week
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
mindfulness training course. Franchesca is interested in the idea that practicing mindfulness improves the ability to control
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
one's mind from wondering. She decides to conduct a similar study in which she has students practice either mindfulness or
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
read and then take a test of attention. Franchesca predicts that, in line with the original study, students who had practiced
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
mindfulness would perform better on the attention test. She runs the study and finds that the results match her prediction.
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Which of the following is the data in this study?
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,a. the students' performance on the attention task
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b. the prediction that "students who practice mindfulness will perform better on the attention task"
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c. the number of students in the study
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d. the statement that "practicing mindfulness improves the ability t - (correct answer) -the students' performance on the
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attention task
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Psychological scientists base their conclusions on evidence. They collect and use data to develop, support, or challenge a
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theory. This approach is known as ____________.
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a. the peer-review process
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b. falsifiabilityty
c. parsimony ty
d. empiricism - (correct answer) -empiricism
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Research done specifically to add to our general understanding of psychology is known as ______________.
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a. basic research
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b. translational research
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c. applied research
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d. quantitative research - (correct answer) -basic research
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Seligman (1975, 1991) proposed that animals that cannot escape an aversive outcome don't even try to avoid the aversive
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experience later, when they can escape it, because they don't perceive themselves as having control ("learned helplessness").
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Latecia thinks this concept may apply to people's working conditions. She conducts a study and has 20 research participants
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work in an office space with some dilapidated supplies (e.g., barely functional pens, crumpled papers). The participants are
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split into two rooms. In one work room, Latecia offers to replace any of the run-down supplies with newer items. In another
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work room, Latecia tells the participants that they have to work with what they have. After a few days of working with this
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setup, both groups' work spaces now include the old supplies as well as new supplies. Latecia predicts that the participants
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who had to work with the dilapidated supplies for the first fe - (correct answer) -a hypothesis
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Some theories are better than others. What are the features of a good theory?
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a. parsimonious, falsifiable, and supported by data
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b. creative, parsimonious, and proven by data
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c. complex, falsifiable, and proven by data
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d. intuitive, logical, and supported by data - (correct answer) -parsimonious, falsifiable, and supported by data
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What is one way to avoid being misled by journalism reports on scientific research?
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a. Consult the source of the article (i.e., the original scientific findings).
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b. Accept that everything you read in a popular press article is true.
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c. Don't believe anything you read in journalism reports (assume the journalist's report is completely wrong).
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d. Use your gut feeling to decide whether what you read in a popular press article is true. - (correct answer) -Consult the
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source of the article (i.e., the original scientific findings)
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Which of the following could be considered a source of empirical evidence?
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a. a logical argument
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b. common sense ty ty
c. a thermometer
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d. an expert opinion - (correct answer) -a thermometer
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Which of the following is a common way journalists misrepresent science when they write about it for a popular audience?
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a. interviewing the researcher who conducted the research
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b. exaggerating the strength of the findings
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c. clearly reporting the findings of the study
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Update 100% Solved
"All other things being equal, the simplest solution is the best." Which principle does this describe?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. evidence-based treatment
ty ty
b. translational research
ty ty
c. parsimony
ty
d. weight of the evidence - (correct answer) -parsimony
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Daniel's teacher tells him that his theory about dating is not strong because it is not falsifiable. What does she mean by this?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. Daniel's theory cannot be disproven.
ty ty ty ty ty
b. Daniel's theory is too complicated.
ty ty ty ty ty
c. Daniel's theory has already been put forth by another psychologist.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
d. Daniel's theory has already been tested, and the evidence did not support the theory. - (correct answer) -Daniel's theory
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
cannot be disproven
ty ty ty
Dimitri is interested in understanding the effects of sleep deprivation on short-term memory. Which of the following is an
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
empirical approach Dimitri could take to answer this question?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. He could consider his own experiences with sleep and memory.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. He could design and execute a study that measures short-term memory function following different amounts of sleep.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. He could ask his psychology teacher for his opinion on the effects of sleep deprivation on short-term memory.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
d. He could watch several movies about sleep deprivation and make a strong, logical argument about the effects of sleep
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
deprivation on short-term memory, based on the films. - (correct answer) -He could design and execute a study that
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
measures short-term memory function following different amounts of sleep.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Franchesca read about Mrazek et al.'s (2013) study in which students scored higher on the GRE after completing a 2-week
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
mindfulness training course. Franchesca is interested in the idea that practicing mindfulness improves the ability to control
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
one's mind from wondering. She decides to conduct a similar study in which she has students practice either mindfulness or
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
read and then take a test of attention. Franchesca predicts that, in line with the original study, students who had practiced
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
mindfulness would perform better on the attention test. She runs the study and finds that the results match her prediction.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Franchesca writes up her experiment and submits it to a journal to be evaluated by fellow scientists for publication. What is
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
this process called?
ty ty ty
a. applied research
ty ty
b. the peer-review process
ty ty ty
c. the theory-data cycle
ty ty ty
d. journal to journalism - (correct answer) -the peer-review process
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Franchesca read about Mrazek et al.'s (2013) study in which students scored higher on the GRE after completing a 2-week
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
mindfulness training course. Franchesca is interested in the idea that practicing mindfulness improves the ability to control
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
one's mind from wondering. She decides to conduct a similar study in which she has students practice either mindfulness or
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
read and then take a test of attention. Franchesca predicts that, in line with the original study, students who had practiced
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
mindfulness would perform better on the attention test. She runs the study and finds that the results match her prediction.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Which of the following is the data in this study?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
,a. the students' performance on the attention task
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. the prediction that "students who practice mindfulness will perform better on the attention task"
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. the number of students in the study
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
d. the statement that "practicing mindfulness improves the ability t - (correct answer) -the students' performance on the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
attention task
ty ty
Psychological scientists base their conclusions on evidence. They collect and use data to develop, support, or challenge a
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
theory. This approach is known as ____________.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. the peer-review process
ty ty ty
b. falsifiabilityty
c. parsimony ty
d. empiricism - (correct answer) -empiricism
ty ty ty ty ty
Research done specifically to add to our general understanding of psychology is known as ______________.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. basic research
ty ty
b. translational research
ty ty
c. applied research
ty ty
d. quantitative research - (correct answer) -basic research
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Seligman (1975, 1991) proposed that animals that cannot escape an aversive outcome don't even try to avoid the aversive
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
experience later, when they can escape it, because they don't perceive themselves as having control ("learned helplessness").
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Latecia thinks this concept may apply to people's working conditions. She conducts a study and has 20 research participants
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
work in an office space with some dilapidated supplies (e.g., barely functional pens, crumpled papers). The participants are
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
split into two rooms. In one work room, Latecia offers to replace any of the run-down supplies with newer items. In another
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
work room, Latecia tells the participants that they have to work with what they have. After a few days of working with this
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
setup, both groups' work spaces now include the old supplies as well as new supplies. Latecia predicts that the participants
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
who had to work with the dilapidated supplies for the first fe - (correct answer) -a hypothesis
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Some theories are better than others. What are the features of a good theory?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. parsimonious, falsifiable, and supported by data
ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. creative, parsimonious, and proven by data
ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. complex, falsifiable, and proven by data
ty ty ty ty ty ty
d. intuitive, logical, and supported by data - (correct answer) -parsimonious, falsifiable, and supported by data
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
What is one way to avoid being misled by journalism reports on scientific research?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. Consult the source of the article (i.e., the original scientific findings).
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. Accept that everything you read in a popular press article is true.
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
c. Don't believe anything you read in journalism reports (assume the journalist's report is completely wrong).
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
d. Use your gut feeling to decide whether what you read in a popular press article is true. - (correct answer) -Consult the
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
source of the article (i.e., the original scientific findings)
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Which of the following could be considered a source of empirical evidence?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. a logical argument
ty ty ty
b. common sense ty ty
c. a thermometer
ty ty
d. an expert opinion - (correct answer) -a thermometer
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Which of the following is a common way journalists misrepresent science when they write about it for a popular audience?
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
a. interviewing the researcher who conducted the research
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
b. exaggerating the strength of the findings
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c. clearly reporting the findings of the study
ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
