, 10/28/24, 9:40 AM 2024 Newest | QMI1500-Elementary Quantitative Exam 4 |2024-2025 UPDATE|COMPREHENSIVE MOST TESTED QUESTI…
- No correlation: r = 0
- Zero represents no correlation (meaning no
relationship)
correlation is zero
- that there is no relationship between the two
variables
- no linear correlation
***Know how to calculate r=EZxZy/N
a correlation coefficient
When do we have a - high scores with high scores (r = +1)
positive correlation and - low scores with low scores (: r = -1)
when do we have a
negative correlation
Correlation does not - causation (correlation does not cause causation)
necessarily imply _________
What is a spurious a third variable causing the relationship between X
correlation and Y
- Strength refers to how clear the pattern is—how
closely the dots fall to a straight line (if dots are
Identifying Strength and
colse to line it is large/strong and vice versa)
Direction
- Direction refers to whether the dots slope upward
(positive) or downward (negative) from left to right
- describe the degree and direction of linear
Correlation Coefficients
correlation
- a correlation is strong and positive if highs on one
variable go with highs on the other, and lows with
lows
Interpreting a Correlation - a correlation is strong and negative if lows go with
highs, and highs with lows
- there is no correlation if sometimes highs go with
highs and sometimes with lows
How do we figure out the Z-scores - the number of standard deviations a raw
Degree of Linear score is from the mean [Reminder: Z = (X-M)/SD.]
Correlation?: The
Correlation Coefficient
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