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Test bank for Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam questions with verified answers
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Test bank for Medical Surgical NursingFinal Exam questions with verified
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1. A cancer patient has been diagnosed with thrombocytopenia. What should the nurse
observe for when assessing the patient? - ANS--bleeding
2. -bruising
3. -weakness
4. -fatigue
5. A patient has a very high risk for developing breast cancer. What preventive measures
may the nurse recommend? - ANS-Discuss the need for a mastectomy.
6.
7. Suggest the long-term use of vitamin D.
8.
9. Explain the need for long-term use of tamoxifen.
10. A patient is admitted for a barium swallow study. Which actions does the nurse include in
preparing the patient for the study? - ANS--Instructing the patient on laxative use after
the exam.
11. -Instructing the patient to drink plenty of fluids after the exam.
12. -Withholding foods and fluids for 8 hours before the test
13. A patient is diagnosed with familial polyposis. Which cancer may the patient be at risk for
developing in the future? - ANS-Colorectal Cancer
14. A patient is prescribed a liver-spleen scan to evaluate the liver and spleen for tumors.
What teaching does the nurse provide the patient about this procedure? - ANS--In a
liver-spleen scan, a radioactive injection is administered via IV access.
15. -The technician or primary health provider waits for 15 minutes for radionuclide uptake.
16. -Radionuclide is eliminated from the body through urine.
17. -Careful hand washing is required to limit exposure to any radiation present in the urine.
18. A patient who has just completed combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy
states, "I will be so glad to get back to normal." Which radiation therapy-related
information is important for the nurse to reinforce? - ANS--Fatigue may last for months
after therapy ends, so continue to utilize energy conservation measures and exercise
regularly.
19. -Skin in the radiation path remains more sensitive to sunburn, so avoid direct skin
exposure for 1 year after therapy.
20. Advanced Gastric Cancer S/SX - ANS--N/V
21. -Obstructive symptoms
22. -iron deficiency anemia
, 23. -palpable epigastric mass
24. -enlarged lymph nodes
25. -weakness and fatigue
26. -progressive weight loss
27. Ascites- possible treatments - ANS--A low-sodium diet and bed rest.
28. -Diuretics.
29. -Removal of ascitic fluid (therapeutic paracentesis)
30. -Sometimes surgery to reroute blood flow (portosystemic shunting) or liver
transplantation.
31. -For spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, antibiotics.
32. Assessment for DVT - ANS--gently palpate site, observe for s/sx (most diagnosed)
33. -venous duplex ultrasonography
34. -venogram
35. -D-dimer can exclude if negative
36. Benign Tumor Characteristics - ANS--Benign tumors are encapsulated, which facilitates
easy removal.
37. -There is a tight adherence of cells, providing a lesser chance of tumor migration.
38. -Malignant tumors invade distant organs. The increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio is a
feature of malignant tumors.
39. Benign vs Malignant Growth - ANS--Benign tumors grow at a slow pace by expansion
40. -Malignant tumors grow at a faster pace by invasion.
41. Buerger's Disease - ANS--Claudication in feet and lower extremities worse at night
42. -Causes ischemia and fibrosis of vessels in extremities with increased sensitivity to cold
43. -Ulcerations and gangrene occur on digits
44. -unknown cause, associated with smoking
45. -Treatment: Vasodilating drugs, such as nifedipene, management of ulceration and
gangrene, chronic pain management
46. Buerger's Disease Nursing Care - ANS--Smoking cessation
47. -wear gloves and warm clothes
48. -manage stress
49. -avoid caffeine
50. -nifedipine teaching (avoid grapefruit juice, facial flushing, etc)
51. Colostomy- patient education - ANS--normal appearance of stoma
52. -s/sx of complications
53. -how to measure stoma
54. -choice, use, care, and application of appropriate appliance to cover stoma
55. -how to protect skin adjacent to stoma
56. -dietary measures to control gas and odor
57. COPD Exercises - ANS--position patient to provide lung expansion with elevated back
rest, pillows, and chair sitting
58. -Breathing techniques: diaphragmatic or abdominal breathing, pursed lip breathing
59. -collaborate with patient and PT to develop exercise plan
60. -remind patient to perform exercises 2-3 times each week
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