Exam (elaborations)
Phil 200- Chapter 1
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Exam of 2 pages for the course PHIL 200 at PHIL 200 (Phil 200- Chapter 1)
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Phil 200- Chapter 11. is the study of methods for evaluating whether the premises of an argument
adequately support its conclusion.: Logic
2. a set of statements where some of the statements, called premises, are
intended to support another, called the conclusion: Argument
3. the claim to be supported: Conclusion
4. the statements offered in support: Premises
5. a declarative sentence that is either true or false: Statement
6. is one in which the premises are intended to guarantee the conclusion: De-
ductive Argument
7. is one in which the premises are intended to make the conclusion probable,
without guaranteeing it: Inductive Argument
8. the study of methods for evaluating whether premises of the argument
guarantee its conclusion: Deductive Logic
9. the study of methods for evaluating whether the premises of an argument
make its conclusion probable, without guaranteeing it: Inductive Logic
10. a deductive argument in which the premises succeed in guaranteeing the
conclusion. If the premises are true, then the conclusion is true: Valid Argument
11. a deductive argument in which the premises fail to guarantee the conclu-
sion. One in which it is not necessary that, if the premises are true, then the
conclusion is true: Invalid Argument
12. a valid argument in which all of the premises are true, and its conclusion
will be true: Sound Argument
13. is one that either is invalid or has at least one false premise: Unsound
Argument
14. a pattern of reasoning: Argument Form
15. If A then B, A, so B: Modus Ponens
16. an argument form is an argument that results from uniformly replacing the
variables in that form with statements (or terms).: Substitution Instance
17. form in which every substitution instance is a valid argument.: Valid Argu-
ment Form
18. form that is valid in virtue of its form: Formally Valid Argument
19. an if-then statement—for example, "If A, the B"—often called a "condition-
al"; the if-part is the antecedent and the then-part is the consequent.: Condi-
tional Statement
20. If A then B, not B, So not A: Modus Tollens
21. part of the statement that is its denial—for example, "It is not the case that
A.": Negation
22. If A, then B. If B, then C. So if A, then C: Hypothetical Syllogism
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