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EVOLUTION EXAM 4 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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EVOLUTION EXAM 4 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Which statement is true? - ANSWER-Old world monkeys are more closely related to humans than to new world monkeys. Which statements regarding human and chimpanzee genetics are true? - ANSWER--Humans have 2 less chromosomes than other apes as a res...

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  • October 28, 2024
  • 20
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Evolution
  • Evolution
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Emillect
©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




EVOLUTION EXAM 4 PRACTICE

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS


Which statement is true? - ANSWER✔✔-Old world monkeys are more closely related to humans than to

new world monkeys.


Which statements regarding human and chimpanzee genetics are true? - ANSWER✔✔--Humans have 2

less chromosomes than other apes as a result of a chromosomal fusion


-Humans and chimpanzees differ by approximately 6% in their protein-coding DNA sequences if

insertions and deletions are considered


Which statements regarding human brain development are true? - ANSWER✔✔--The Ecological Brain

Hypothesis suggests that human brains increased due to the result of living in complex environments


-Their are costs to growing and supporting a larger brain which likely indicates that fitness advantage to

such a trait is high


You are fascinated with hominin evolution and want to study the rich hominin fossil record in East Africa.

You are presented with five skulls and need to order the skulls in a sequence from most anciently

diverged to most recently evolved. Which sequence is correct? - ANSWER✔✔-Sahelanthropus,

Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo sapiens
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As a researcher you compare DNA sequences among modern human populations and discover that their

divergence time estimates range from 10,000-100,000 years. Which hypothesis is better supported by

your results? - ANSWER✔✔-Out-of-Africa Hypothesis


The following figure from CogBooks shows the five mass extinctions in Earth's history (the five red

points) compared to the historic background extinction rate (blue line) and other past extinctions (blue

points). For our purposes, the background extinction rate is where the blue line meets the y-axis. In

other words, we can say that ~5 taxonomic families have historically gone extinct every 1 million years.


Some conservation biologists say we are now facing a sixth mass extinction, since extinction rates have

increased to 100-1000 times the background extinction rate. Given this information, approximately

where should the sixth mass extinction rate line intersect with the y-axis? - ANSWER✔✔-The extinction

rate is so high, it goes off the chart


Which of the following is an example of de-extinction? - ANSWER✔✔-Successfully producing a viable

clone of the extinct Steller's sea cow by implanting an embryo derived from frozen DNA samples into a

closely related manatee species.


Which of the following organisms would be the best possible candidate for de-extinction, based on

current technology and assuming specimens are well-preserved? - ANSWER✔✔-Wooly Mammoth- lived

~100,000 years ago


Which traits of humans is not shared by the LUCA? - ANSWER✔✔-Eukaryotic cell structure



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You extract DNA from human bones in an ancient village buried by volcanic ash. You discover that there

is an extremely high frequency of the LCT allele for lactase persistence. What might you conclude about

the population? - ANSWER✔✔-The members of this population likely used domesticated livestock for

their milk.


According to the figure, which organism is the closest living relative to humans? - ANSWER✔✔-Bonobos

and chimpanzees, equally


Which genera is likely the most recent ancestor of the genus Homo? - ANSWER✔✔-Australopithecus


Which statement best explains why modern Europeans, Asians, or Africans lack Denisovans DNA in their

genome? - ANSWER✔✔-Denisovans interbred only with the population whose ancestors are

Melanesians


Which piece of evidence does not support the theory of recent (ca. 200,000 years ago) African origin of

humans? - ANSWER✔✔-Linkage disequilibrium of nuclear genes gets progressively lower as one

measures populations farther from Africa.


Why do scientists reject the use of evolution and genetics to support racists' ideologies? - ANSWER✔✔--

The concept of race is largely useless in a biological context and is really a social myth


-It is factually incorrect to claim that some populations are "higher", "superior", or "more evolved" than

others




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