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NSC 114 EXAM #4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 [ 24
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NSC 114 EXAM #4 QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS 2024 [ 24
visual ANS - having to do with sight or seeing
auditory ANS - Having to do with the sense of hearing
olfactory ANS - relating to the sense of smell
tactile ANS - relating to the sense of touch
gustatory ANS - relating to the sense of taste
Kinesthetic ANS - refers to awareness of the position and movement of body parts
Stereognosis ANS - Ability to perceive and understand an object through touch by its size, shape, and
texture
visceral ANS - refers to any large organ of the body; internal organs
produce stimuli that make a person aware of them (full stomach)
sensory perception ANS - involves the conscious organization and translation of the data or stimuli into
meaningful information
Stimulus ANS - a signal to which an organism responds
agent or act that stimulates a nerve receptor
Receptor ANS - - a nerve cell acts as a receptor by converting the stimulus to a nerve impulse
- most receptors are specific; sensitive to only one type of stimulus
,- visual, auditory, touch
Impulse conduction ANS - the impulse travels along nerve pathways to the spinal cord or directly to the
brain
ex. auditory impulses travel to the organ of Corti in the nerve to the temporal lobe of the brain
Perception ANS - perception, or awareness and interpretation of stimuli, takes place in the brain,
where specialized brain cells interpret the nature and quality of the sensory stimuli.
the client's level of consciousness affects the perception of the stimuli
Arousal Mechanism ANS - - Brain must be alert to receive and interpret data/stimuli
- Mediated by the reticular activating system (RAS)
Reticular Activating System (RAS) ANS - a dense network of neurons found in the core of the brain
stem; it arouses the cortex and screens incoming information
- two components
1. REA = reticular excitatory area; responsible for arousal and wakefulness
2. RIA = reticular inhibitory
States of Awareness ANS - - Full consciousness= alert; oriented to time, place, person, understands
verbal and written words
- Disoriented= Not oriented to time, place, or person
- Confused= Reduced awareness, easily bewildered; poor memory, misinterprets stimuli; impaired
judgement
- Somnolent= Extreme drowsiness but will respond to stimuli
,- Semi-comatose= Can be aroused by extreme or repeated stimuli
- Coma= Will not respond to verbal stimuli
factors influencing sensory function ANS - •Developmental stage
•Culture - child in a big city; sudden change
•Level of stress
•Medications and illness
•Lifestyle
Clinical Manifestations of sensory deprivation ANS - - Excessive yawning, drowsiness, and sleeping
• Decreased attention span, difficulty concentrating, and decreased problem solving
• Impaired memory; periodic disorientation, general confusion, or nocturnal confusion
• Preoccupation with somatic complaints, such as palpitations
• Hallucinations or delusions
• Crying, annoyance over small matters and depression
• Apathy and emotional liability
Sensory Alterations ANS - Sensory deficits
sensory deprivation
sensory overload
Clinical Manifestations of sensory overload and definition ANS - Generally occurs when a person is
unable to process or manage the amount or intensity of sensory stimuli
Complaints of fatigue, sleeplessness
Irritability, anxiety, and restlessness
Periodic or general disorientation
Reduced problem-solving ability and task performance
, Increased muscle tension
Scattered attention and racing thoughts
sensory deficits ANS - impaired or absent functioning of one or more senses
ex. blindness, deafness
sensory deprivation ANS - -impaired reception, perception or both
-usually can adapt if loss is gradual
-sudden loss is disorienting
-deficit can lead to both sensory deprivation and sensory overload
assessing sensory perception function ANS - - nursing history
- mental status examination
- physical examination
- identification of clients at risk
- client's environment
- social support network
clients at risk for sensory deprivation ANS - - non-stimulating or monotonous environment
- impaired vision or hearing
- mobility restrictions
- inability to process stimuli
- emotional disorders
- limited social contact
Clients at risk for sensory overload ANS - - pain or discomfort
- admission to an acute care facility
- monitoring in intensive care units
- invasive tubes
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