AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025(A+ GRADED VERIFIED)
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AQA Psychology A-Level
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AQA Psychology A-Level
AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025(A+ GRADED VERIFIED)
Wilhelm Wundt - Answer-- First Psychologist
- First Lab in Germany
- Experimental Conditions
- Structuralism and Introspection
/.Introspection - Answer-Person Gains knowledge about their mental...
AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025(A+ GRADED
VERIFIED)
Wilhelm Wundt - Answer-- First Psychologist
- First Lab in Germany
- Experimental Conditions
- Structuralism and Introspection
/.Introspection - Answer-Person Gains knowledge about their mental state by examining
their conscious thoughts and feelings
/.Empiricism - Answer-Knowledge is derived from sensory experience, characterised by
the use of the scientific method
/.Evaluation of Wundt - Answer-- methods were unreliable as it relied on non-observable
- Introspection is not accurate because people are often unaware of are behaviours
/.Evaluation of the Scientific Approach - Answer-- its objective and systematic
- Rely on determinism
- Self corrective
- Create non-naturalistic environments
- Human behaviour is not always observable to the rules of science
/.Classical Conditioning - Answer-Pavlov - When a neutral stimulus is consistently
paired with an unconditional stimulus so that it takes on the properties on the stimulus
and is able to produced a conditioned response
/.Features of CC - Answer-- If time interval is too great between conditioning it does not
work
- CR will become extinct in the absence of the UCS after a while
- If extinct and paired again they pair more quickly (Spontaneous Recovery)
,- Stimulus generalisation, CR is created to things similar to CS
/.Operant Conditioning - Answer-Skinner - Learning through reinforcement or
punishment, a behaviour is more likely if followed by a desirable concequence
/.Positive Reinforcement - Answer-Behaviour Produces a response that is desirable
/.Negative Reinforcement - Answer-Doing something to stop unpleasant response
/.Reinforcement - Answer-Strengthening a response
/.Punishment - Answer-An unpleasant consequence following a behaviour
/.Features of Classical Conditioning - Answer-- Scheduling reinforcement makes it
stronger
- Punishment
/.Evaluation of Classical Conditioning - Answer-- Applications in treatment of phobias
- Animal Research cannot be generalised to humans because they have different needs
to learn
/.Evaluation of Operant Conditioning - Answer-- Use of experimental method
- Animal Research cannot be generalised to humans
/.Modelling - Answer-Individuals learn behaviour be observing others
/.Imitation - Answer-Copying a models behaviour
/.Identification - Answer-Individual adopts attitudes and behaviours of a model because
they want to be like them
/.Vicarious Reinforcement - Answer-Individuals learn about the likely consequences by
observing a model's experiences and adjust their behaviour to obtain the same
experience
/.The Role of the meditational Processes - Answer-Observer forms a mental
representation pf the behaviour displayed of the model and the probable consequences
it will also happen to them
/.Evaluation of Social Learning Theory - Answer-- Applications in human behaviour
- research support (Bandura)
- Problems with causality, it may not be observing but rather people already have this a
try to find people similar
- Approach disregards other potential influences like gender
, /.Bandura Procedures - Answer-Children were exposed to aggressive or non aggressive
models interacting with a bobo doll
/.Bandura Findings - Answer-Children who had aggressive models were aggressive to
the doll
Children who had non-aggressive models were not aggressive to the doll
/.Cognitive - Answer-Refers to mental processes such as perception, memory and
reasoning
/.Schema - Answer-A cognitive framework that helps us organise and interpret
information
/.Why are Schemas useful? - Answer-They help us make sense of new information by
filling in gaps
/.Theoretical Models - Answer-Pictorial representations of cognitive processes based on
research evidence
/.Computer Model - Answer-Computer analogy of input process storage output to
represent the human cognitive
/.Cognitive Neuroscience - Answer-non-invasive imaging techniques such as PET and
fMRI scans to help psychologists understand how the brain works
/.PET - Answer-Positron emission tomography
/.fMRI - Answer-Functional Magnetic Resonance imaging
/.Evaluation of the Cognitive Approach - Answer-- Applications in social cognition,
dysfunctional behaviour
- Scientific
- Computer models are to simplistic for a human mind, and at the same time suggest
that we never forget or never make mistakes
- ignores emotion and motivation (tells us how not why)
- Lack ecological validity
/.Biological Approach - Answer-Views humans as biological organisms and provides
biological explanations for all psychological functioning
/.Genes - Answer-A part of the chromosome that carries genetic information
/.Genotype - Answer-The genetic make-up of an individual
/.Phenotype - Answer-The observable characteristics of an individual
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