,1. Question: Which of the following best describes a
controlled variable in an experiment to determine the effect
of sunlight on plant growth?
- A) The amount of sunlight each plant receives
- B) The type of plant species used
- C) The growth measurement method
- D) The type of soil used
Answer: D) The type of soil used
Rationale: A controlled variable is one that is kept
constant throughout the experiment to ensure that the
results are due to the independent variable, which is the
amount of sunlight.
2. Question: When analyzing data from an experiment, a
scientist observes a correlation coefficient of -0.85. What
does this indicate about the relationship between the
variables studied?
- A) Strong positive correlation
- B) Weak positive correlation
- C) Strong negative correlation
- D) No correlation
Answer: C) Strong negative correlation
Rationale: A correlation coefficient close to -1 indicates
a strong negative correlation, where one variable increases
while the other decreases.
, - B) To replicate the experiments exactly as conducted
- C) To provide anonymity to the authors
- D) To increase the research's sample size
Answer: A) To ensure the research is free from bias
Rationale: Peer review helps verify the quality, validity,
and reliability of the research findings, minimizing bias and
errors.
4. Question: Which of the following is NOT a hypothesis?
- A) The efficiency of enzymes decreases with
temperature increase.
- B) Plants require sunlight for photosynthesis.
- C) Gravity causes objects to fall towards the Earth.
- D) The data shows a decrease in growth rate.
Answer: D) The data shows a decrease in growth rate
Rationale: A hypothesis is a statement that can be
tested scientifically. Option D is an observation, not a
hypothesis.
5. Question: In an experiment testing drug efficacy, what
is the role of a placebo group?
- A) To provide an inactive comparison
- B) To enhance drug effectiveness
- C) To increase the potency of the drug
- D) To serve as the experimental group
Answer: A) To provide an inactive comparison
Rationale: A placebo group receives an inert
substance, helping to account for the placebo effect and
serving as a control to validate the effect of the actual drug.
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