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NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM 2024/2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAMBERLAIN $15.99   Add to cart

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NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM 2024/2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAMBERLAIN

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NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM 2024/2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAMBERLAIN

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  • October 29, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY




NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM 2024/2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS CHAMBERLAIN




Asthma

Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles




What are 5 s/s of asthma

coughing

wheezing

shortness of breath

rapid breathing

chest tightness




Pathophysiology of asthma (5)

-airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle spasm

-excess mucus production and accumulation

-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle

-airflow obstruction

-decreased alveolar ventilation

,NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY




Bronchioles

smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that become the alveoli




3 layers of the bronchioles

innermost layer

middle layer - lamina propria

outermost layer




lamina propria

the middle layer of the bronchioles




structure of the lamina propria

embedded with connective tissue cells and immune cells




purpose of the lamina propria

white blood cells are present to help protect the airways




How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma

,NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY


the WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response that damages host
tissue




What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain

columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells




What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain

smooth muscle cells




what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do

control the airways ability to constrict and dilate




alveolar hyperinflation

When air is unable to move out of the alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around
possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside




how does hyperinflation occur?

the ongoing inflammatory process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls
collapse around




Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar

, NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY


-expanded thorax and hypercapnia (retention of CO2)

- respiratory acidosis




What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma

tiotropium and ipratropium




What do anticholinergics do in the lungs?

These drugs block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system

- increasing bronchodilation




MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma

the parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine which binds to the
cholinergic receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction = decreased airflow



- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine binding preventing the bronchial constriction




bronchitis

inflammation of the bronchial tubes




3 characteristics of bronchitis

bronchial inflammation

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